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Bio-control of Root-knot (meloidogyne Incognita) of Soybean

M. Islam
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agriculrural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.U. Ahmad
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agriculrural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.S. Khatun
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agriculrural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.O.H. Reza
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agriculrural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.G. Kibria
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur-1701.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted in the net house of the Seed Pathology Centre, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 2011. BAU-Biofungicide, Allamanda tablet and Neem oil as bio-control agents including a control were tested against root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) of three soybean varieties (BARI Soybean-5, BAU-S-80 and BAU-S-109). BAU-Biofungicide and Allamanda tablet were used as side drenching and Neem oil as seed treatment. BAU Bio-fungicide showed the best performance with the highest growth of shoot as well as weight of shoot, number of pods per plant, number of nodules per plant correspondingly with higher yield per plant as evident with higher weight of seeds consequently with decreased galling incidence and lower numbers of adult females, eggmasses, J2, J3 and J4 juveniles. Allamanda tablet also responded with increased length of shoot, number of pods per plant, number of nodules per plant and weight of seeds per plant correspondingly with lower galling incidence, lower development of adult females, J2 and J3 juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita compared to Neem oil and control treatments. BARI Soybean-5 appeared with maximum length of shoot and root, fresh weight of shoot and root with nodules, number of nodules per plant correspondingly with lower eggmasses. Varieties BAU-S-80 gave higher responses in case of number of pods and weight of seeds per plant simultaneously with higher number of galls. Negative correlations were found between gall numbers and plant growth characters as well as yield.

Keywords: Soybean, BAU-Biofungicide, Allamanda tablet, Neem oil, Root-knot.

Location: Seed Pathology Centre, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2011

End Date: 00-12-2011

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

1. To assess the comparative efficacy of some biological means on the control of root-knot (Meloidogyne incognita) of Soybean.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the net house of the Seed Pathology Centre, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during 2011. Two factors factorial experiment with three soybean varieties viz. BARI Soybean - 5 (V₁), BAU-S-80 (V₂) and BAU-S-109 (V₃) and four treatments viz. Control (T₀), BAU-Biofungicide (T₁), IPM Allamanda tablet (T₂), and Neem oil (T₃) was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design with five replications. Due to absence of homogenous condition e.g. light intensity and rate of ventilation in net house, Randomized Complete Block Design was used instead of Completely Randomized Design. BAU-Biofungicide (2 % solution) and allamanda tablets (30 ml solution after dissolving in normal water at the ratio 1:8 for 15 minutes) were applied as side drench separately for each replicated plant of all three varieties after 10 days of inoculation with eggmasses. Neem oil was applied as seed treatment @ 5 ml/ 10 g seed before sowing. For the experiment sandy loam soil, well decomposed cowdung and sand were taken at the ratio of 2: 1.5: 0.5 and mixed uniformly. Formalin @ 30 ml was dissolved in 1000 ml water for per cubic feet of soil for sterilization. Polythene sheet was used for covering the formalin treated soil and removed after 72 hours. The sterilized soil was exposed for air drying for 48 hours and to remove excess vapour of formalin. Sixty earthen pots (30 cm diameter) were taken and each was filled with 6 kg of sterilized and dried soil. For avoiding any contamination the pots were sterilized with formalin before filling with soil. For preparation of inoculum few brinjal plants were previously inoculated with single eggmass of Meloidogyne incognita. Severely galled root system of brinjal plants (Solanum melongena) was used for collecting mature eggmasses of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). The brinjal plants were allowed to grow in large earthen pots (25 cm diameter) under glasshouse condition. Reddish brown mature eggmasses were collected from infected roots with the help of fine forceps for inoculation. A moist petridish was used for keeping eggmasses. Six seeds were directly sown in the pots on 03 March 2011 and the seeds were thinly covered with soil. One healthy seedling was allowed to grow in each pot by removing the others after germination of seeds. Weeding, mulching, irrigation etc. were done as and when necessary. After 35 days of planting, each soybean plant was inoculated with six eggmasses collected from infected brinjal roots. On each side of the plant, 3 eggmasses were placed on the exposed roots of the seedling by opening the soil at the stem base. After 60 days of inoculation, the plants at mature stage were carefully uprooted from the pots and ten parameters were studied including length of shoot and root, fresh weight of shoot and root, number of pods, weight of seeds and number of nodules per plant, number of galls and eggmasses per g of root and number of adult females, J2, J3 and J4 juveniles in 10 galls/treatment. All data were analyzed following standard procedures for analysis of variance. Differences between means were evaluated for significant level following a modified Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Linear correlation co-efficient and determinations of the slope and intercept values of linear equations were also performed following standard statistical methods. Except where otherwise stated, differences referred to, in the text were significant at P≥0.05 level of probability.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (1): 119-124, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Responses of the varieties with respect to the length of shoot and root, fresh weight of shoot and root with nodules, number of pods per plant, weight of seeds per plant, number of nodules per plant, number of galls per g of root and number of eggmassess per g of root were found to be significant. Among the three varieties of soybean, BARI Soybean-5 gave maximum length of shoot and root, fresh weight of shoot and root with nodules, number of nodules per plant correspondingly with lower eggmasses. On the other hand, varieties BAU-S-80 and BAU-S-109 gave similar responses in case of fresh weight of shoot and root with nodules correspondingly with higher number of galls.

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