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Performance of Sweet Gourd in Association with Three Timber Tree Species

A. Das
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Z. Alam
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. Momtaz
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

G.M.M. Rahaman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Kalibari char which is situated by the side of Brahmaputra river adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from November 2012 to March 2013 to evaluate the performance of sweet gourd in association with Akashmoni, Mahogoni & Lambu tree saplings. Four different treatments were used in this experiment viz. <50 cm, 50-100 cm, >100 cm distance from tree sapling bases and in open field condition referred as control. The experimental design was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Sweet gourd is cultivated along with Akashmoni, Mahogoni & Lambu trees. The result showed that yield of Sweet gourd was highest in the open field. The second highest yield of Sweet gourd was obtained under >100 cm distance and the lowest yield was recorded within <50 cm distance from sapling base. Morphological parameters of Sweet gourd such as vine length, no. of primary branches per plant, no.of leaves per primary branch, no. of fruits per plant, weight per fruit (g) etc. were affected significantly by different distances from sapling base. Yield of sweet gourd as vegetable along with Akashmoni tree (24.2 t/ha) was highest in open field condition. Compare to control i.e., without tree condition yield were 35.72%, 21.66% and 7.98% reduced in the. <50 cm, 50-100 cm, >100 cm distance from Akashmoni tree base respectively. Again in case of Mahogoni tree, compare to control i.e., without tree condition yield were 39.14%, 25.46% and 12.54% reduced in the. <50 cm, 50-100 cm, >100 cm distance respectively. Compare to control i.e., without tree condition yield were 42.18%, 29.64% and 17.1% reduced in the. <50 cm, 50-100 cm, >100 cm distances from Lambu tree base respectively. Compare to control i.e., without tree condition yield were 21.79%, 25.71% and 29.64% reduced in the Akashmoni, Mahogoni and lambu tree respectively. Growth of both tree species was also influenced with sweet gourd and without sweet gourd condition. Height and Girth increment of both trees were higher in combination with sweet gourd.

Keywords: Sweet gourd, Timber trees, Charland, Agroforestry system

Location: Kalibari char which is situated by the side of Brahmaputra river adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2012

End Date: 00-03-2013

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Mehogani, Lambu, Akash moni, Sweet gourd

Objectives:

1. To observe the performance sweet gourd grown along with Akashmoni, Mahogoni and Lambu tree.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at Kalir char which is situated by the side of Brahamaputra river adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from 01 November 2012 to March 2013.The soil texture was sandy loam with a pH 6.6. The structure of the soil was fine and the organic matter content was 1.80%. The seeds of Sweet gourd were collected from BRAC seed centre, Mymensingh. The study was done under two year’s Akashmoni tree saplings. At first 0.04 feet deep pits were dug at 9 feet distance in the experimental field then the pits were fallow for few days. Then the pits were filled with surrounding soils and then the seedlings of the tree were placed into the central portion of the pits. After the tree plantation sufficient irrigation was applied at the base of the tree. Irrigation was done two times in a day by the watering cane.The Experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Three plots each of 13.2m x 35.80m were laid around the tree. Four tree-crop distance treatments were used. These are T₀=Open field referred to as control, T₁= <50 cm distance from the tree, T₂=50-100 cm distance from the tree, T₃=>100 cm distance from the tree. Emergence of sweet gourd seedling was started after 15 days from the date of sowing. Seedlings of were thinned out two times. First thinning was done after 55 days of sowing. The second thinning was done after 70 days of sowing. Using leafy vegetable we thinned out 75% of the crop. Remaining 25% crop, we use fruit purpose. After thinning, we maintain 50 cm plant-to-plant distance.Insect pests like leaf fodder, fruit fly, and yellow beetle can be controlled by spraying Malathion 50 EC 1 ml/lit or Dimethoate 30 EC 1 ml/lit or Methyl demeton 25 EC 1 ml/lit. As well as foliar disease like downy mildew can be controlled by spraying Dinocap 1 ml/lit Or Carbendazim 0.5 g/lit. Powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying Dinocap 1 ml/lit or Carbendazim 0.5 g/lit. Monitoring for pests should be done regularly. Remove infected fruits and leaves to avoid build-up of pest population. Observe strict sanitation to control insect pests and diseases.Considering its high market value the fruits were harvested at tender stage and before 100 % maturity when they were still green. Harvesting is done by hand picking. Plant samples of Sweet gourd were collected from all the respective plots. Four plants of sweet gourd were selected from each 1m2 plot for data collection. Data were collected at 35, 55 and 120 Days after sowing. The following plant characters of sweet gourd were recorded as vine length, no of leaf, no of flower (male and female), no of branch, fruit length, no. of fruit, fruit diameter, fruit weight, fresh weight of stem and leaf. Data regarding various parameters were statistically analyzed by the computer using statistical package programme MSTAT-C. Mean comparisons were done by DMRT (Duncan's Multiple Range Test) at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (1): 125-128, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Yield of sweet gourd gradually decreased with decreasing distance towards the base of Mahogoni, Lambu and Mahogoni tree. Yield of Sweet gourd was lowest in association with Lambu tree and almost similar trend of yield variation was found in association with Mahogony and Akashmoni tree.

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