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Comparison of Gene Maps and Analysis of Karyotype Divergence in Ovis Aries and Bos Taurus

A. K. M. Abdul Ahad Biswas
Associate Professor
Department of Disaster Risk Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In the present work the analysis of chromosomal divergence of two bovine animals -Bos taurus L. and Ovis aries L. was carried out on the basis of comparison of their gene maps. In this work the databank on gene maps of these animals and the software developed in the Department of Biotechnology of All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry was used. Result revealed that, the karyotype divergence of these two bovine species was not reduced to the process of centric merges. The phylogenetic divergence of sheep and cattle was accompanied as a minimum by 26 variants of chromosomal reorganizations. In this regard, it is obvious that the question about karyotypic evolutions cannot be solved without the analysis of the data on gene maps of compared species.

Keywords: Cattle gene map, Chromosome, Evolution and karyotype divergence

Location: Department of Biotechnology of All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry

Start Date: 01-01-2004

End Date: 31-12-2004

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Sheep, Cow

Objectives:

To conduct the comparative study of chromosome sets of two species of the bovidae family, whose gene maps are examined more fully.

Methodology:

This work was carried out in the Department of Zoo technology of People Friendship University of Russia (PFUR) and in the Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory of Animal Genetics of All Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry (ARRIAH), Dubrovitsy, Moscow region, Moscow, Russia during 2004.The computer analysis with the purpose of comparative analysis of cattle and sheep genes was carried out using gene databank. Materials for research were taken from the Databank about chromosomal localization of genes at various species of the animals, established in PFUR, Moscow and ARRIAH, Moscow region, Moscow - including information about the localization of 2014 and 799 genes respectively. This includes 484 common genes with known location for both species. For the analysis of gene map, materials were included from different sources (Zakharov, 1993; Klenovitskiy, 1998; Casas et al., 1999; Cockett et al., 2001; Eggen and Fries, 1994; Lauvergne et al., 1996; Maurico J. de Gostari et al., 1998; Sonstegard et al., 1998; Taylor et al., 1998). Comparative analysis of syntenic groups was carried out on the basis of developed algorithm equation S1 = [Ha(b) +Hb(a)] / [H(a) +H(b)] and programs for personal computer “GM - Gene Mapping” (Klenovitskiy, 1998). To measure the distinction or measurement of similarity the conditional entropin Ha(b) or Hb(a) value was considered. Part of the genes included in Gene Bank, were localized by the method of cellular panels on the basis of hybrid karyotype analysis. Their position on the gene map is unknown; therefore they were excluded in processing.

Source of Information: J. Patuakhali Sci. and Tech. Univ. 2010, 2(1):13-21

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of the analysis of gene maps of compared species it is possible to conclude that the karyotype divergence is comparatively complex. Hence, classical cytogenetic analysis does not allow opening of all phenomena or subtleties of this process. In this connection, it is clear, that the question about karyotype evolutions cannot be solved without giving attention and analysis of the data on genetic maps of compared species.

Knowledge Management: Journal