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Effect of Bulb Size and Plant Spacing on Seed Production of Onion (allium Cepa L.)

Md. Asaduzzaman
Former MS Student
Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology (PSTU), Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Md. Mainul Hasan
Department of Agricultural Botany, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Md. Mahmudul Hasan
Ph.D Fellow
Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.

Md. Moniruzzaman
Former MS Student
Department of Agronomy, PSTU, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Mhammad Humayun Kabir Howlader
Department of Agricultural Botany, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the 'Research Farm' of Regional Seed Production Office of Lal Teer Seed Limited, Dinajpur, Bangladesh during November 2008 to April 2009. The study was conducted to investigate the effect of bulb size and planting spacing on seed production of cultivar Taherpuri onion. Three bulb sizes [small (5±2g), medium (10±2g), and large (15±2g)] and four planting spacing (closest 25x15, closer 25x20, wider 30x15, and widest 30x20cm) was considered in this experiment. Number of flowering stalks, length of flowering stalks, number of umbels per plant, number seeded fruits, seed weight per umbel, 1000-seed weight and seed yield per hectare were measured to assess the onion seeds. The results revealed that the highest seed yield (776.67 kg) per hectare was obtained from the large bulb (15±2g) with the closest spacing of 25x15cm followed by small bulb size of same spacing. The maximum number of flowers per umbel (371.39), seed weight per umbel (0.80g) and 1000-seed weight (3.92g) were obtained from the largest bulb size (15±2g) with widest (30x20cm) planting spacing. Hence, large bulb size with closest plant spacing is suggested for onion seed production in northern part of Bangladesh .

Keywords: Bulb size, Spacing, Onion seed production

Location: Regional Seed Production Office of Lal Teer Seed Ltd., Dinajpur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 10-11-2008

End Date: 00-04-2009

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

To investigate the effects of bulb size and plant spacing on seed production of Taherpuri onion cultivar in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

A field experiment was carried out in the Regional Seed Production Office of Lal Teer Seed Ltd., Dinajpur, Bangladesh during November 2008 to April 2009. Dinajpur is located in northwest of Bangladesh (25°52' to 26°62' N and 88°45 to 89°65' E), and lies under AEZ 1 (Old Himalyan Piedmont Plain). Land type is characterized by complex relief patterns comprising broad and narrow floodplain ridges and linear depression. Two factors (bulb size and planting spacing) with three replications were used in the experiment where the field was laid out in Completely Randomized Block Design. Bulb size consisted of B₁ (5±2g), B₂ (10±2g), and B₃ (15±2g) where planting spacing comprised of S₁ = 25 x 15cm, S₂= 25 x 20cm, S₃ = 30 x 15cm, and S₄ = 30 x 20cm. Taherpuri cultivar was used as a test crop. The size of a unit plot was 4x1.5 m². The distance between plots and blocks were 0.5 and 1.0 meter, respectively. Bulbs were planted on 10 November 2008 setting upright at a depth of 2.5cm. Replacements of rotten bulbs were done within 7 days of planting by healthy extra bulbs planted at the border of the experimental field. The following doses of manures and fertilizers were applied in the experimental plots as per BARI recommendation (2005). Four irrigations were applied first was done in 25 November 2008, following 6 December 2008, 20 January 2009, and 10 February 2009 using a watering can. First weeding was done by hand picking at 20 days after planting the bulbs. Subsequent three weedings were followed by irrigation with khurpi. At the same time, earthling up was also done along with the rows: Ridomil MZ 68 WP was sprayed @ 2g per liter of water at 30 days after planting to keep the crops free from diseases. Second spraying was done with Dithen M 45 @ 2g per liter of water and Malathion 57 EC @ 2ml per liter of water to control Thrips spp. at 45 days after planting. The mature umbels were harvested in the morning with a small portion of flowering stalk between 9 and 20 April 2009, when 15-20% of the fruits exposed black seeds. Length of flowering stalk (cm) was measured from ground level to the tip of the flowering stalk before harvest and the average value was recorded. Number of flowering stalk and umbels per plant; number of seeded fruits, weight of seeds (g) per umbel was recorded from 10 randomly selected plants after completion of flowering. One thousand seeds were counted from each plot and were weighed with electric balance in gram (g) up to two decimal units. Seed yield per hectare was measured by converting the respective seed yield per plot and was expressed in kilogram (kg) per hectare. Both the cases, 9% moisture were adjusted during measurement. Statistical analyses of collected data were done by using the statistical package program MSTAT-C. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done and significance of differences between two means was performed by the least significant difference test.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, Vol-37 (3), pp. 405-414, September 2012, ISSN 0258-7122.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study concluded that the yield of onion seeds (Taherpuri cultivar) was significantly affected by the interaction effects of bulb size and plant spacing. The yield attributes and quality of onion seed were found to be gradually increased with the increase in bulb size. Plant spacing also greatly influenced the yield and quality of onion seeds. However, the largest bulb (15±2g) planted at the closest spacing (25x15cm) resulted in the highest seed yield per unit area with the greatest seed yield attributing traits and seed quality. Further investigation is, therefore, suggested for different agro-ecological climates of Bangladesh in order to confirm the present findings. In addition, economic analysis also needed to know the cost and benefits of the onion seed productions for the growers.

Knowledge Management: Journal