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Effect of Npk Fertilization on the Grain Yield of Transplanted Aman Rice and Soil Fertility- a Long Term Study

N. I. Bhuiyan
CSO and Head
Soil Chemistry Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701.

A.L. Shah
Soil Chemistry Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A five year long-term fertilizer experiment was conducted on a permanent layout to evaluate the effect of added NPK fertilizers on the yield of rice, nutrient uptake and soil fertility in a rice-fallow-rice cropping pattern under transplant rice culture. Eight treatment combinations with NPK fertilizers including one absolute control were used over ten cropping seasons. Results showed that the contribution of N fertilizer alone to grain yield was highly significant. Phosphorus and K fertilizers individually had some positive effect but neither of them had any appreciable effect on grain yield when applied together with N fertilizer. After raising 10 rice crops. irrespective of fertilization. the total N content of the soil declined appreciably while exchangeable K content decreased slightly. but there was a moderate increase in the level of available P, particularly with P fertilization.

Keywords: NPK, Singly or in combination, Grain yield, Nutrient uptake, Soil fertility status, Transplant rice culture

Location: BRRI farm, Joydebpur

Start Date: 00-00-1976

End Date: 00-00-1990

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of NPK fertilizers either singly or in combination on grain yield, nutrient uptake and soil fertility status under transplant rice culture.

Methodology:

A long-term experiment on NPK fertilizers was initiated at the BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute) farm. Joydebpur in the 1976 T. Aman season (wet season rice) and continued for 5 years (10 rice crops) on the same layout. Two HYV rice crops were grown per year in a rice-fallow-rice cropping pattern. The soil of the experimental site was a clay loam with a pH of 5.6. The soil initially had: organic matter 2.48%. total N- 0.15%. available P - 9.6 ppm, exchangeable K-0.20 meq/100g and CEC-15.0 meq/100g soil. Eight NPK fertilizer combinations were used as follows: Control (0-0-0). N. P. K. NP, PK, NK, and NPK, Nitrogen, P₂0₅ and K₂0 rates were 60, 40 and 40 kg/ha respectively, for the Aus and T. Aman crops. but for Boro the N rate was 80 kg/ha. Nitrogen,P and K were applied as urea, TSP and MoP respectively. The test rice varieties were BR4 for T. Arnan and BR3 for Aus and Boro seasons. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with 4 replications. The treatments in respective plots were applied to each crop of the experiment. One- third of urea and the full amounts of TSP and MP were applied as basal doses. The remaining urea was top- dressed in two equal splits. one at active tillering stage and the other at 5-7 days before panicle initiation. All recommended cultural and management practices were followed for the 10 crop seasons. At maturity. the test crop was harvested from a 5m² area of each plot. Sixteen hills from, four different spots of each plot were selected at random outside the 5m² harvest area, excluding two border rows all around, for yield. Grain yield per hectare was computed at 14 percent moisture from the grain weight recorded for the 5m² harvest area. Straw and grain samples were analysed for N, P and K contents. The total N content in straw and grain was determined by the micro- Kjeldhal method. Phosphorus and K in the plant samples were extracted with a triacid mixture (Yoshida et at. 1976) and were determined colorimetrically in a spectrophotometer and in a flame photometer, respectively.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Soil Sei. 22 (1 & 2). 41-49. 1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results showed that the contribution of N fertilizer alone to rice grain yield was highly significant. Phosphorus and K fertilizers individually had some positive effect, but neither of them had any appreciable effect on the grain yield when applied together with N fertilizer.

Knowledge Management: Journal