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Impact of Power Tillers on Profitability of Some Cropping Patterns in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh

M. A. Quayum
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur- 1701, Bangladesh.

Amin Muhammad Ali
Professor
Department of Economics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

M. A. Salam
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Economics Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur- 1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted to examine the impact of power tillers (PTs) on profitability of Boro rice based cropping patterns in some selected areas of Bangladesh in 2003. Six major Boro rice based cropping patterns out of 23 patterns in the study areas were examined to estimate the profitability differences among the power tiller and draught animal using farms round the year. Analysis revealed that gross return of MV Boro-MV T. Aus- MV T. Aman pattern is 10.5% higher for PT users than that for draught animal power (DAP) users. The total variable cost is 16.2% lower for PT users than that for DAP users resulting the gross margin 158% higher for PT users. Gross returns of MV Boro-MV T. Aus-LV T. Aman, MV Boro-Fallow- MV T.Aman and MV Boro- MV T.Aman-Mustard, MV Boro-MV T. Aus-Fallow patterns are respectively, 9.7%, 8.1%, 23.4% and 35.3% higher for PT users than that for DAP users. The benefit cost analysis indicates that PT users obtain higher yield, higher gross return and higher BeR from MV Boro-Vegetables-MV T. Aman pattern than those of DAP users. Thus, among all six identified patterns, this pattern is more profitable for PT users. The production cost of all six patterns by PT users is substantially lower than those of DAP users. In general, these six patterns are also found to be more profitable when power tillers are used in place of animal power. Use of power tillers was observed to be associated with higher cropping intensity in the study areas.

Keywords: Cropping pattern, Productivity, Profitability, Power tiller, Draft power

Location: Camilla, Bogra, Chuadanga, Manikgonj

Start Date: 00-04-2003

End Date: 00-12-2003

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Performance evaluation

Objectives:

1. To find out the major Boro rice based cropping patterns practiced by using power tiller and draught animal power in the study areas

2. To document the differences in cropping intensity between PT users and DAP users in the study areas

3. To estimate and compare the profitability of major Boro rice based cropping patterns between PT users and DAP users and derive some policy implications.

Methodology:

Based on the intensity of power tiller use four districts, namely Comilla, Bogra, Chuadanga, and Manikgonj were purposively taken under this study. Four upazila, namely Chandina, Nandigram, Chuadanga Sadar and Singair were randomly selected. Two villages under each upazila were randomly selected from one agricultural block. Selected villages were Rushulpur and Lona of Chandina, Nandigram, and Chakalma of Nandigram, Shangkarchandra and Manikdihi of Chuadanga Sadar, and Luxmipur and Beguntahary of Singair. A sample frame was developed from the comprehensive farmers list of Department of Agriculture Extension (DAE) for each village. Sample farmers were stratified into four stratum by the help of DAE and key informant farmers of the respective village. Stratum were (i) PT owner farmers (those who both own and use PT), (ii) PT hirer- user farmers (those who hire and use PT), (iii) draught animal power owner farmers (those who both own and use DAP) and (iv) draught animal power hirer- user farmers (those who hire and use DAP). Farmers those used both power tiller and draught animal power in the same plot for land preparation were identified and not considered as sample. Excluding these farmers (both used PT and DAP), the total population size was 764. Stratified random sampling technique was followed for selecting sample farms proportionately (35%) from each stratum. Structured questionnaires were used for collecting data from the farmers of the developed stratum. Sample size was 267. Survey was done during April 2003 to December 2003. Data on all crops grown in the particular plot round the year were collected. All the exercises done in this study are considered for all locations taken together. PT owner-users and PT hirer-users (called PT users) as well as DAP owner-users and DAP hirer-users (called DAP users) are also taken together to analyze the data. Profitability analysis and method of benefit cost ratio estimation were used for analyzing the data.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, Vol-37 (3), pp. 415-432, September 2012, ISSN 0258-7122.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The yield of MY Boro, MY T. Aman rice, and vegetables are found to be higher when PT is used for land preparation and the differences of yield of these crops between PT users and DAP users are found to be important. The total variable cost for MY Boro rice is about 32% higher when DAP is used in place of PT. Therefore, MY Boro rice cultivation is substantially more profitable for PT users than that for DAP users on variable cost basis. Similar result is found for total cost of production on full cost basis. The findings indicate that PT users earn sufficiently higher return compared to DAP users for MY T. Aman rice cultivation on full cost, cash cost and variable cost basis. Similar results are found in case of LY T. Aman and MY T. Aus rice as well as vegetables, mustard and potato. The cost- return analysis also indicates that PT use reduces cost and is associated with higher yield, higher return, higher net return and higher benefit cost ratio in most of the locations for most of rice and non-rice crops. The yield, gross return, gross margin, net return, and BCR of all six cropping patterns are found to be higher when PT is used for land preparation. The cropping intensity was found higher in the areas under PT compared to the areas under DAP. This result is supported by the earlier findings. Thus the findings indicate that there is a positive impact of power tiller to increase the profit to grow more crops in the same field round the year. Adoption of any suitable cropping pattern by using PT in Bangladesh is more profitable compared to use of DAP and farmers will be more benefited. Therefore, policy should be taken to adopt PT to improve the cropping patterns profitably and increase the cropping intensity at a large scale.

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