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Seed-borne Fungal Infection of Jute Seeds as Affected by Conventional and Late Season Seed Production Methods

M. M. Hossain
Scientific officer
Farm Management Unit, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI)

M. A. A. Khan
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, BSMRAU

A. K. M. Shahadat Hossain
Senior Scientific officer
Farm Management Unit, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI)

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Experiments were conducted to assess the prevalence of seed-borne fungal infection in conventional and late season jute seeds. For the assessment, a total of 16 seed samples of two species of jute (Corchorus capsularis and C. olitorius) belonging to four varieties (O-9897, O-72, CVL-1 and BJC–7370) were used. The sampled seeds were produced by two sowing methods-line sowing and broadcasting. The study revealed that ten species of fungi under nine genera were present in 16 jute seed samples. The associated seed-borne fungi were Macrophomina phaseolina, Botryodiplodia theobromae, Colletotrichum corchori, Fusarium sp., Corynespora cassiicola, Aspergillus spp. (A. flavus and A. niger), Chaetomium sp., Curvularia lunata and Rhizopus sp.. Among them M. phaseolina, B. theobromae, C. corchori and Fusarium sp. were the predominant fungi. The intensity of seed-borne fungal infection varied according to the genotype studied. Infection of Colletotrichum corchori was rare in Corchorus olitorius jute seed. The overall patterns of seed-borne fungal infection were recorded higher in conventional seed samples than late season seed samples for both species. But the influence of sowing method on the prevalence of seed-borne fungi was the least possible.

Keywords: Seed-Borne Fungi, Conventional and Late Season, Jute Seed.

Location: Laboratory experiments were conducted at the Plant Pathology laboratory, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahaman Agricultural University

Start Date: 00-01-2009

End Date: 00-09-2009

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

To find out the prevalence of seed-borne fungal infection in seed samples of two-production methods namely conventional and late season

Methodology:

Laboratory experiments were conducted at the Plant Pathology laboratory, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahaman Agricultural University during January 2009 to September 2009. Seeds of popularly cultivated four Jute varieties O-9897, O-72, CVL-1 and BJC-7370 were collected from Plant Pathology and Seed Technology laboratory of BSMRAU. Those seeds were collected from the crop grown in two different production methods namely conventional and late season, and covering two species of jute. Both species were grown in two replicated ways line sowing and broadcasting. According to ISTA rules to test the seed-borne fungal infection of seeds, working sample of 400 seeds was randomly drawn from each sample. The seeds were placed on three layered moistened blotter paper in glass petridish (9 cm) at the rate of 25 seeds per petridish. The petridishes were incubated at 25^?±2^?C under natural light and darkness cycle for seven days. Different fungi grown on the incubated seeds were recorded by using stereo binocular microscope following standard keys (Mathur and Kongsdal, 2003). In case of confusion, temporary mounts were prepared and examined under compound microscope for identification of the associated fungi. Prevalence of fungi was expressed in percentage based on total number of seeds plated. The data were analyzed separately of two species of seed sample covering four varieties in two factor completely randomized design (CRD) corresponding to two levels of seed production method and two levels of sowing methods. Analysis of variance was done according to Gomez and Gomez (1984) using standard ANOVA generated by MSTAT–C. The SPSS computer software programme was also used. Differences among means were tested by significance using the t- tests.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. & Tech. 14 (1 &2): 215-220 (2010), ISSN 1029 - 8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the findings it may be concluded that seed infection of different fungi was higher in conventionally produced seed samples over late sowing seed samples; sowing method has very limited effect on fungal infection. M. phaseolina, B. theobromae. C. corchori and Fusarium sp. were found predominant in seed samples. The major diseases of jute fibre plants mostly caused by these pathogen and transmitted through seed. Conventionally produced jute seed remain in the field for longer period of time and faces various stress such as high moisture stress, hail storm, wind injury which encourage the favorable condition of seed borne fungal infection. Late sowing jute seed production method helps to avoid these circumstances and resulted less seed-borne fungal infection. Late sowing jute seed production method promotes the sound seed health regarding the fungal infection. It may be examined the effect of these seed for further of plant establishment in field condition and their consequences pertaining to the diseases incidence.

Knowledge Management: Journal