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Pesticide Residues and Harmful Organic Pollutants in Some Freshwater Fishes from Matlab Floodplain Area, Bangladesh

Maria Zaman
Analytical Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

M. Niamul Naser
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Mozaffar Hossain
Analytical Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Moazzem Husain
Analytical Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Aminul Islam
Analytical Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Kazi Azizul Islam
Analytical Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Nasim Sultana
Analytical Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The level of organochlorine pesticide residues (OCPs), viz. α-, β-, γ-BHC, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide isomer B, dieldrin, 4,4’-DDE, endrin, 2, 4-DDD, 4, 4’-DDT, 4, 4’-DDD, 2, 4’-DDT in fish samples from Matlab floodplain areas were determined. The fish samples were extracted with ethyl acetate, the extracts were cleaned up by sulphuric acid treatment and analyzed by gas chromatograph (GC) fitted with electron captured detector and gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The result showed that none of the studied fishes contained organochlorine pesticide residues but consist some other harmful organic contaminants in tissues. Key words:

Keywords: Organochlorine pesticide residue, Organic pollutants, Fish, Floodplain area.

Location: Matlab, Chandpur, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Insecticide, Fish

Objectives:

To determine some organochlorine pesticide residues and other harmful organic pollutants in the selected common floodplain fishes of Matlab, Chandpur.

Methodology:

A survey was conducted on the floodplain areas of Matlab, Chandpur District located on the bank of Meghna River, Bangladesh. Fish samples were collected from four sampling sites of the Meghna-Dhonagoda floodplain project area which included a pond, a crop field, a canal and Meghna River, where the following fishes were sampled: carnivores- Boal (Wallagonia attu) and Koi (Anabas testudineus); herbivore- Rui (Labeo rohita) and Kachki (Corica soborna); omnivore- Khalisha (Colisa fasciatus) and Puti (Puntius chola). The fishes were collected by gears and traps. Rui fish were collected from a culture pond, Koi and Khalisha from a crop field, Puti and Kachki from a canal and Boal from Megna river. Each fish was measured (cm) and had been stored in a refrigerator in the laboratory until they were studied. Ethylacetate, cyclohexane were used pesticide residue grade, Sulphiuric acid, anhydrous sodium sulphate (Merck, Germany) were GR grade. Sea sand (GR, India) washed by ethyl acetate for 3 times before use. A mixture of 13 chlorinated pesticides standard was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Extraction of fish samples was carried out according to EMP manual. About 100 g of fish sample was taken from deep freeze and put to laboratory temperature until thawing. Each sample was chopped into small pieces and mixed thoroughly. Ten grams of sample were ground in a mortar with 10 g sand and 30 g sodium sulphate and more sodium sulphate was added to make the sample float freely. The column was of 60 m length and 0.25 mm internal diameter (ID). Column oven initial and final temperature was 80ºC and 300ºC respectively, carrier gas-helium (purity-99.997%), gas flow 1.5 ml/min, column pressure 100 (kilo pascal), injection volume 0.4 μl, injection temperature 280ºC and interface temperature 300ºC. The gas chromatograph mass spectrometer GC-17A & GCMS-QP5050A (Shimadzu Japan) equipped with electron ionization (EI) mass detector and 30 m length & 0.252 mm internal diameter (ID) fused silica capillary column (DB-1) was used for mass analysis under the following analytical conditions; temperature ranged from 150ºC to 250ºC, speed 3ºC/min, carrier gas-helium (purity-99.998%), gas flow 50 mL/min., column pressure 100 (kilo pascal), injection volume 0.4 μl, injection temperature 230ºC and interface temperature 250ºC.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1): 101-108, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above discussion it is quite evident that no persistent organic pollutants (POPs) or chlorinated pesticides were detected, but some major organic pollutants were detected from the fish samples. Meghna river and its tributaries support vast potential fishery resources. This area fulfills the major protein demand of the country. None of the fishes studied contained organochlorine pesticide residues, but indicated some degree of industrial pollutants and contamination in the fishes of the sampling sites. Organic contaminants, Industrial effluent, accidental spills, pollutants, natural organic substances, insecticides, herbicides and agricultural chemicals were found in fish tissues which clearly indicated the contamination of the water of Matlab floodplain and adjacent areas. It could become a serious threat to our ecosystem, water resources, fish population, and human health. This study was area - specific giving a holistic picture of the floodplains of Bangladesh. The extensive work is required to determine the overall picture of the pollutants which could be present in the fishes and environment of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal