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Identification of Male Sterility Maintainer Lines in Brassica Napus L.

S.C. Saha
Research and Development Farm, Supreme Seed Company Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh;

A.K.M.A. Islam
Dept of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;

M.G. Rasul
Dept of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;

M.A.K. Mian
Dept of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;

T. Hossain
Dept of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Forty two test crosses were made between the CMSZ1 and CMSZ2 with 21 pollen parents during winter 2004 and evaluation of test cross progenies were done in winter 2005 at the experimental farm of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Out of 21 full sib families of CMSZ1 with 21 pollen parents, four crosses involving pollen parents Nap206, Nap205, Nap2037 and Nap9904 produced 100 percent male sterile progeny and identified as effective maintainers for CMSZ1. On the other hand, other pollen parents except ‘Nap0130’ and ‘Nap9908’ upon crossing with CMSZ₁ produced 70.37 to 93.78 percent male sterile progenies, indicating the presence of maintainer gene(s) in their nuclei. In case of test cross families of CMSZ₂ with 21 pollen parents, seven crosses involving pollen parents Nap206, Nap108, Nap205, Nap9908, Nap9905, Nap9904 and BARI Sarisha-8 produced 100 percent male sterile progeny and identified as effective maintainers. Among the maintainer lines for CMSZ₁and CMSZ₂, it was found that the line Nap205 took minimum time (30.67 days) and Nap9908 took maximum time (35 days) for first flowering. The maintainer line Nap9905 and Nap108 produced the shortest (2.007 mm) and the longest (2.807 mm) anther, respectively. Anther breadth varied from 0.698 mm (Nap2037) to 0.856 mm (Nap206). The line Nap9908 produced the longest filament (6.8 mm) while the shortest (5.67 mm) filament was found in Nap206. The shortest stamen (8.23) was found in Nap9905 and the longest (9.36) in Nap108.

Keywords: Flowering, Sterile, Progeny, Nap206, Nap108, Nap205, Nap9908, Nap9905, Nap9904 and BARI Sarisha-8

Location: The experimental farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2003

End Date: 00-03-2005

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To identify maintainer (B) line from available mustard germplasm in Bangladesh and to develop new CMS (A) line from local varieties of B.napus.

Methodology:

The research work was conducted at the experimental farm, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh during the period from November 2003 to March 2004 (synthesis of test cross progenies) and November 2004 to March 2005 (evaluation of test cross progenies).

Two CMS lines (Z₁ and Z₂) and twenty one pollen parents were crossed for obtaining F₁ test cross progeny. Removal of sepal and petal from the upper portion of bud of CMS Brassica genotypes was done in the evening to expose stigma for pollination. Hand pollination was carried out in the following morning by dusting pollen from the fertile B. napus genotypes. The crossed buds were bagged and tagged properly. Bagging after pollination was continued for 3-4 days to avoid unwanted pollination. F₁ seeds of 42 test crosses were produced. After maturity the siliqua were collected separately from the plant followed by thrashing and drying. The F₁s and parental seeds were kept in the cold storage for the study in the following year. Evaluation of test crosses progenies The seeds of 42 F1s were sown in separate line and respective parental genotypes (pollen parents) were also sown in each alternate line in the experimental field. The row spacing was 30 cm having plant spacing 15 cm within the row. Necessary intercultural operation was taken during cropping period for proper growth and development of the plants. Data were collected on the following characters:

(a) Days to 1st flowering: Determined the number of days required from the date of sowing to the blooming of the first flower in the plant.

(b) Anther length (mm): Length taken along with the longitudinal axis of the anther.

(d) Length of filament (mm): Length taken from the base to the tip of the filament.

(e) Length of stamen: Length taken from the base of filament to the tip of the anther.

(f) Percent sterile plant: Total number of plants in each F₁ lines were counted. At flowering male sterile and male fertile plant were identified through the study of flower morphology and presence or absence of pollen in the anther. Total sterile plants in each line were recorded and were expressed as percent.

(g) Testing of pollen sterility: Testing of pollen sterility was determined by staining anther content with one percent acetocarmine.

Round shaped, dark stained pollen grains were scored as fertile while light stained as sterile. The recorded data for different characters were analyzed statistically using MSTAT, a computer based program to find out the variation among the different genotypes by F-test. Treatment means were separated by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) for interpretation of the results.

Source of Information: J. Genet. & Breed. 61: 00-00 (2007)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The genotypes Nap206, Nap205, Nap2037 and Nap9904 produced 100 percent male sterile progeny upon test crossing with CMSZ1. These four genotypes were identified as effective maintainer for CMSZ1 based on flower, anther and pollen characters. Seven genotypes (Nap108, Nap205, Nap206, Nap9904, Nap9905, Nap9908 and BARI Sarisha-8) were identified as maintainer for CMSZ2 as they produced 100 percent male sterile progeny in full sib generation. In respect of male sterility attributes, the maintainer lines Nap205, Nap9905, Nap2037, and Nap206 were comparatively better for development of good CMS lines.

Knowledge Management: Journal