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Epidemic Behavior of the Etiological Agent of Infectious Coryza in Layer Chicken of Bangladesh with Isolation, Identification and Pathogenicity Study

Dr. A. J. Mridha

M. Mizanur Rahman

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study-was urji ertaken to.analyze the economics of production and marketing of Aman paddy by farmers in some selected areas of Barisal district. the average production per hectare of local Aman paddy' for the-marginal, small, medium and large farms were 21.3, 20.5, 19.8 and 19.9 quintal and the production., of modem variety of Arnan paddy were 29.8, 295, 30.5 and 30.9 quintal, respectively. The average production of all farms being 20.3 and 30.2 quintal per hectare respectively. The marketed quantity of paddy for all categories' of farms were 2.46 quintal,on per ,' farm basis The average per quintai'marketing cost was more or less same for all farm` groups. Gross margin per hectare was the highest (7729 T! ) in case of marginal farmers and the lowest (6493 Tk/ha) in case of the large farmers for local paddy but for MV paddy, it was the highest {10532-Tkma) in case-of the large. farmers'and-the fewest-(9900 Tk/ha)-4n case of the= small farmers. The analysis indicated lesser farmers' share of consumers price with longer_', marketing channel.

Keywords: BRRI

Location: BRRI, Gazipur-1701

Start Date: 05-01-1982

End Date: 10-02-1990

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To study on production and marketing od paddy by farmers in coastal district of Bangladesh

Methodology:

The study was based on primary data collected directly from the rice growing farmers of the traders of two markets under Muladi upazila bf E risaf district- Theseivety "selected fO farmEYs level irtformatiorn and the^- mple farmers were from an extensive list of 561 Amen paddy growers so, as to captureall'form

^.ihe total sample of W-is composed of- two component=*which 40 were Arran rice were the traders comprising four categories. -The sample farmers were - dassified 'es according to. the size of land ^-holdings^-.^-,marginal,^, small, medium and large

farmers having less than 0.50 hectares of total cultivated land, were corgi

"rs, those having 0.51 to 1.00 hectares were small farmers, those having 1..;-pt to

ops were medium farmers while farmers having more than 2.00 hectares were large

were collected during the period of July 1987 io March31 « §t ~: ~r ediaries like Faria, Paikar, Aratdar and Retailer were randomly selected talsl_ng 1Q_V p:'-^-'Ten miilerr-as available in the survey area were also intetyiewedusing a onnaire. Descriptive analysis w W`used with the aid of 'tabular method to classify rive meaningful findi.ngsbyy a iloying-arithmetic rtSeans, petcentages andrratios_., .

Source of Information: Bang flesh rice j. 4(1&2): 34-41, 1993. ,

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 65000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 65000/-

Achievement/Findings:

In the ;:light of findings discussed in the earlier paragraphs, a .few conclusions arr recommendations have been drown:

(a) Out.^, of the total Aman paddy produced, 24% were .marketed and paddy producers in.tt study area were found to-market most of their produces just after harvesting_ with low prid The low paddy price at harvest is a disincentive to the rice farmers because that is also tt time of planning for the next crop. The harvest price declines may have a negative`effectlll investment for the. next crop. Therefore, govt. paddy procurement` programme should ^-I strengthened, so that^, paddy producers` can sell their produces at a higher price durul harvesting period. Through this, farmers can alsobe encouraged to grow mote MVs. t

(b) -Usually small scale and marginal farmers make obligatory sales `of paddy during harvest] months because they run into, debt at the production period for buying cash inputs. In ordel improve -this situation, institutional credit should be made readily available t6 the pad farmers. So that they would not be obliged to^, sell paddy at lower price immediately -aft harvest.

(c) Communication as well as transportation >are the serious problems of Aman paddy market

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