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Effect of Puddling on Some Soil Physical Properties and Yield of Rice and Wheat

M. Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agrlcultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazlpur.

M.S. Islam
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agrlcultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazlpur.

S.A. Mallik
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agrlcultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazlpur.

A.K.M.S. Hoque
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted with three treatments: no puddling, puddling made by country plough and puddling made by power tiller for two years in Grey Terrace Soils of Joydebpur to study the effect of different puddling system on some soil physical properties and the yield of wetland and upland crops rice and wheat respectively. Results showed no significant difference in yield of rice and the subsequent upland crop. Maximum soil bulk density and soil strength were found at 10-11 and 15-17 cm soil depths in the treatments puddled by country plough and power tiller respectively indicating compactness in these layers. The root growth of wheat was found to be reduced below the compacted layers in both of the puddled treatments . Wheat yield was also reduced to a small extent due to puddling. Puddled treatments percolated water at a lower rate than in the non-puddled treatment during the rice season and infiltration rates measured in the wheat season were also lower in these treatments .

Keywords: Puddling methods, Soil physical properties, Subsequent upland crop, Infiltration

Location: BARI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-1987

End Date: 00-00-1989

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To study the changes of soil physical properties due to puddlings and their effect on subsequent upland crop.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in the Grey Terrace Soils of Joydebpur in two consecutive years (1987-88 and 1988-89). The experiment begin with transplanted aman rice followed by wheat. The experiment was carried out on the same piece of land keeping the layout unchanged. In the first year, tracting was made (up to 25 cm soil depth) in the whole field to ensure the breaking of ploughpan. Treatments. T1- No puddling, T2- Puddling made by country plough (conventional puddling) and T3- Puddling by power tiller, were assigned in RCBD with 3 replications during rice season. For wheat, conventional tillage (5 ploughing by country plough followed by laddering) was practiced. The unit plot size was 9m x 6m. During rice season seedlings of variety BR 11 were transplanted on 29 July 1987 and 17 August 1988 and harvested on 25 November 1987 and 10 December 1988 respectively. The plant spacing was 25 cm from rows and 15 cm from hills. Fertilizers were applied at the rate of 100 kg N, 60 kg P₂0_5, 40 kg K₂0 and 20 kg S per/ha from urea. TSP. MP and Gypsum respectively. One third urea and whole amount of other fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation. The rest of urea was applied in two equal splits at tillering and 7 days before panicle initiation stages. . During wheat season, variety 'Kanchan' was sown on 26 December 1987 in the first year and 27 December 1988 in the second year by conventional tillage practice with a line spacing of 20 cm. Fertilizer doses were 120 kg N, 80 kg P₂0₅ 60 kg K₂0 and 20 kg S / ha. One third of N. along with whole amount of other fertilizers were applied as basal and the remaining N was applied at 30 and 50 days after sowing. Harvest dates were 5. 4. 88 and 5. 4. 89 in first and second year respectively. Soil physical properties were determined in the field as well as in the laboratory. Soil texture was determined by hydrometer method and classified following the USDA triangular co-ordinate. Field capacity was measured by field method. Percolation was measured by an inftltrometer ring In the rice field when the field had about 5 em standing water The infiltrometer was covered by polyethylene sheet to prevent evaporation loss. Infiltration was determined by a double ring infiltrometer and the cumulative Infiltration was calculated by Kostlakov-Lewis equation. Q = at a where Q Is the cumulative Infiltration, t is elapsed time and a is constants (intercept and slope respectively) when plotted on a log-log paper. Bulk density of soil was determined by core sampling method at different soil depth and soil strength of different plots at field capacity moisture level was measured by a pocket penet rometer.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Soil Sci. 22 (1 & 2).67-76. 1991

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

As obvious, puddling created compaction and impacted infiltration. Reestablished the idea of blocking root growth below the compated layer. Results showed no significant difference in yield of rice and the subsequent upland crop. Wheat yield was also reduced to a small extent due to puddling.

Knowledge Management: Journal