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Performance Evaluation of Fertigation and Micronutrients on Fruit Yield and Quality of Summer Tomato (lycopersicon Esculentum L.)

M. A. Razzaque Akanda
Principal Scientific Officer
Spice Research Centre (SRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Bogra, Bangladesh.

M. Shahabuddin Ahmad
Principal Scientific Officer
Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. S. Rahman
Scientific Officer
IWM Division, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

G. M. A. Halim
Principal Scientific Officer
Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. M. Hasan
Scientific Officer
Spice Research Centre (SRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Bogra, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fertigation was found technically and economically feasible for tomato cultivation in winter as well as in summer. An experiment was conducted with summer tomato (BARI Hybrid Tomato-4) having 2 drip irrigation levels with different levels of NPK and micronutrient (B, Zn, and Mg) during kharif-I seasons of 2007 and 2008. The fertilizer levels were N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀kg/ha, N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀ B_IZn₄ Mg₄ kg/ha, N₁₀₀ P₇₀ K₁₄₀ kg/ha and N₁₀₀ P₇₀ K₁₄₀ B₂ Zn₆Mg₈ kg/ha and the irrigation levels were drip irrigation at 2 days interval and drip irrigation at 3 days interval. The highest marketable yield of summer tomato (35.90 t/ha and 27.12 t/ha) were obtained from the fertigation treatment with fertilizer doses of N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀ B_IZn₄Mg₄ kg/ha irrigated at 2 days interval in 2007 and 2008. The cull yield was also the lowest (2.53 t/ha and 1,15 t/ha) in this treatment in both the years. The lowest tomato yield (20.50 t/ha and 18.29 t/ha) were obtained from the treatment with fertilizer doses N 100 P₇₀ K₁₄₀ kg/ha irrigated at 2 days interval where no micronutrients were used. Fruit quality parameters like TSS, Vitamin-C and β-carotene were also the highest for the best yielder. So, use of micronutrients with NPK showed a significant effect on quality fruits as well as yield of summer tomato. The best yielder treatment received 261.0 mm of seasonal water including an effective rainfall of 60.5 mm during the crop seasons. The highest BCR (4.41) was also found in the same treatment.

Keywords: Fertigation, Micro-nutrients, Fruit quality, Net return

Location: IWM research field, Joydebpur, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2007

End Date: 00-00-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To determine the effects of the application of different levels of micronutrients and two levels of drip irrigation on the yield and quality of fruits as well as the profitability.

Methodology:

A field experiment on summer tomato (BARI Hybrid-4) was conducted under poly tunnel at IWM research field, Joydebpur, BARI, Gazipur during the kharif-I seasons of 2007 and 2008. The soil was silty clay loam with pH 6.44, field capacity 28.6%, wilting point 14.3% (By wt. basis) and bulk density 1.5Igm/cc. The experiment had the following treatment combinations. T₁ = Drip irrigation at 2 days interval with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀kg/ha, T₂ = Drip irrigation at 3 days interval with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀kg/ha, T₃ = Drip irrigation at 2 days interval with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀ B_IZn₄Mg₄ kg/ha, T₄ = Drip irrigation at 3 days interval with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀ B_IZn₄Mg₄ kg/ha, T₅ = Drip irrigation at 2 days interval with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₇₀ K₁₄₀ kg/ha, T₆ = Drip irrigation at 3 days interval with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₇₀ K₁₄₀ kg/ha, T₇ = Drip irrigation at 2 days interval with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₇₀ K₁₄₀ B₂ Zn₆Mg₈kg/ha, T₈ = Drip irrigation at 3 days interval with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₇₀ K₁₄₀ B₂ Zn₆Mg₈ kg/ha. The highest tomato fruit yield was obtained with fertilizer doses N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀ under fertigation and irrigated at 2 days interval through drip irrigation systems. The treatments were designed based upon the above findings. N and K in the form of Urea and MP were applied with irrigation water into four splits. The total P in the form of TSP and other micronutrients were applied during final land preparation. Cowdung was applied at the rate of 10 t/ha. The mixing ratio of fertilizer and water was 1:140 for fertigation. Seedlings of 26-28 days old were planted on 15 June 2007 and 6 July 2008 with the spacing of 55×40cm and the unit plot size was 2.2×4.0m. The treatments were replicated thrice. The variety was BARI Hybrid Tomato-4. Hormone was used 3 (three) times during flowering and fruit setting stages as per recommended doses. Irrigation was applied through drip system at every 2 and 3 days interval based on treatment design meeting crop ET demand. Evaporation data was recorded from class-A pan installed nearby the experimental field. The average dripper discharge was found around 4.30 liters/hour. Colored polythene was also inserted at a depth of 75 cm along the sides of the bed to protect lateral seepage from rainfall in furrows. Fertigations were done on 2 July, 18 July, 4 August, and 20 August of 2007 and 20 July, 3 August, 18 August, and 31 August of 2008 and irrigations were applied at 2 & 3 days interval with fresh water through drip system as per treatments. Fruits were harvested from third week of August to the End of September in both the years. The fruit quality parameters were analyzed in Post Harvest Technology Division Laboratory of BARI.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, Vol-37 (3), pp. 449-456, September 2012, ISSN 0258-7122.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Summer tomato cultivation is very much profitable to the farmers. Medium and small farmers can increase their family income through summer tomato cultivation. It can create employment opportunity for rural people during the lean period as well as to meet up the nutritional deficiency. From the study results, it is revealed that satisfactory yield of summer tomato can be obtained with the balanced and lower fertilizer doses of N₁₀₀ P₅₅ K₁₂₀ B_IZn₄ Mg₄ kg/ha irrigated at 2 days interval through drip system due to higher fertilizer use efficiency. This technology also saves fertilizer and irrigation water. The application of micronutrients showed a significant effect on quality of fruits and yield. It may be demonstrated among the farmers through DAE.

Knowledge Management: Journal