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Insecticidal Effect of Some Spices on Callosobruchus Maculatus (fabricius) in Black Gram Seeds

Shah Hussain Ahmad Mahdi
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi

Md. Khaladur Rahman
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted to investigate the insecticidal potency of some spices eg. clove (Syzygium aromaticum), black pepper (Piper nigrum), ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), black cardamom (Amomum subulatum), nutmeg (Myristica fragnans), black cumin (Nigella sativa), turmeric (Curcuma longa), red pepper (Capsicum frutescens), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), green cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) and bay leaf (Cinnamomum tamala), against the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) on stored black gram (Phaseolus bengalensis L.). Data were recorded on days to 100% mortality; number of adults emerged and weight loss (%) of black gram. All the spices were effective as protectants of black gram seeds. However, clove and black pepper were most effective.

Keywords: Callosobruchus maculatus, Black gram, Mortality, Extent of damage.

Location: Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide

Objectives:

The present experiment was designed to investigate the insecticidal potency of some spices against the pulse beetle on black gram seeds.

Methodology:

Eleven spices, viz. clove (Syzygium aromaticum), black pepper (Piper nigrum), ceylon cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), black cardamom (Amomun subulatum), nutmeg (Myristica fragnans), black cumin (Nigella sativa), turmeric (Curcuma longa), red pepper (Capsicum frutescens), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), green cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) and bay leaf (Cinnamomum tamala) and a control treatment were used C. maculatus on black gram seeds. The experiment was carried out in the Crop Protection and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Rajshahi University, during 2006-2007. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design. The spices and black gram seeds were obtained from a departmental store. The spices were ground in an electric grinder into a fine powder and 0.5 g and 0.6 g (25 g/kg and 30 g/kg) fine powder of each spices were put in separate petridish (9 cm x 9 cm). Black gram seeds were weighted on an electric balance and 20g seeds were put in each petridish and mixed with the spice powder properly. Three petridishes contained untreated black grams, serving as controls. Five pairs of adult beetles were released in each petridish and the petridishes were covered with lids. Data were recorded on days to 100% mortality, number of adults emerged and per cent weight loss of black gram. The beetles were checked daily to count the member of adults emerged and the member died and to remove the dead beetles from the petridishes. Weight loss was recorded at the end of the experiment. The weight loss caused by the pulse beetles was determined by the formula:

Source of Information: Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 27, 2008 pp. 47-50 ISSN 1023-6104

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Clove and black pepper treated black gram produced lower number of adults. The possible reason could be that the active components of both the spices might have affected the physiology of the beetles. The weight loss (%) of black gram seeds was significantly lower following treatments with clove and black pepper powders as compared to the untreated control. The early mortality of the treated beetles and the consequent production of lower beetle populations could have been the reasons. After a perusal of the data it could be concluded that clove and black pepper could be used as protectants of black gram seeds against C. maculatus.

Knowledge Management: Journal