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Effect of Plant Extracts on the Yield of Soybean Crop Under Different Climatic Conditions

K. N. Ahmed
BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206, Bangladesh

M. Khatun
BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206, Bangladesh

S. H. A. Pramanik
BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206, Bangladesh

A. Nargis
BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206, Bangladesh

N. C. Dey
BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206, Bangladesh

K. C. Dey
BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6206, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Soybean (Glycine max L., Variety PB-1) is an important oilseed crop though not extensively cultivated in Bangladesh. Five different plant extracts i.e., ‘Bara Bishkatali’ leaf extract, sesame seed oil, castor seed oil, a mixture of sesame oil and ‘neem’ seed oil and tobacco leaf extract were sprayed prior to pest infestation. The major insect pests encountered were the leaf roller (Sylepta derogata), pentatomid bug (Nezara viridula and Piezodorus hybneri), noctuid semilooper (Trichoplusiani) and blue butterfly (Euchrysops cnejas). Among the applied treatments, tobacco leaf extract showed the best result followed by Bara Bishkatali leaf extract, sesame seed oil and a mixture of sesame oil and neem seed oil and castor oil. Some unidentified beneficial eurytomid, braconid, ichneumonid and encyrtid insect parasites and coccinellid predators played an important role in suppressing the pest population during the study period. The maximum yield was 36.7 maunds per acre in the BCSIR Laboratories Campus, Rajshahi but the yield was only 3 maunds per acre in the Oilseeds Cultivation Centre Patgram, Lalmonirhat.

Keywords: Effect of plant extracts, Yield, Soybean, Different climatic conditions

Location: BCSIR Laboratories Oilseeds Cultivation Centre, Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-00-2001

End Date: 00-00-2002

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Soybean, Extract (plant, seed)

Objectives:

To determine the effect of plant extracts on the yield of Soybean crop under different climatic conditions

Methodology:

The experiments on pest control of soybean through the application of biopesticide (compatible plant extracts) were conducted during the crop seasons of 2001-2002 under two climatic conditions, e.g., northern region (Patgram Oilseeds Cultivation Centre, Lalmonirhat) and western region (BCSIR Laboratories Oilseeds Cultivation Centre, Rajshahi). The plant parts for desired extracts were finely chopped into small pieces, air dried, pounded in mortar and pestle into a coarse powder and were finally grounded into fine powder which were subjected to insecticide extraction in methanol solvent kept in different air tight bottles. The extracts were utilized for spraying in different soybean crop fields when required. The pests in both the soybean fields of Patgram and BCSIR Laboratories Centres were collected at weekly interval and preserved in 80 % ethyl alcohol with a drop of glycerine for future study. The status of insect pests, beneficial insect parasites and predators in the soybean crop fields before and after spraying was carefully observed. The data on yield of seed per plant, plant height and number of seeds per plant were recorded. Control (unsprayed) experiment was done for each kind of plant extract sprayed in different soybean fields in order to compare the effects of plant extracts and mode of insect infestation, number of pods / plant and yield. The prevailing field temperatures in two oilseed cultivation centres were also recorded for comparison of pest occurrence.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 41(1-2), 73-76, 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It can be concluded that farmers can also use water extract of the leaves of Bara Bishkatali and tobacco leaf extracts, neem seed oil, sesame seed oil and castor seed oil as botanical insecticides against the prevailing pests of soybean under preharvest conditions.

Knowledge Management: Journal