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Effect of Planting Dates on Phenological Events of Transplanted Aman Rice

Dr. K P Halder
CSO and Head
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701

Dr. S.M.A. Sattar
Head
Agronomy Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701

M S Islam
PSO
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701

Dr. M.J.U. Chowdhury
CSO
Farm Management Division, BRRI, Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Due to late planting the panicle initiation, heading and maturity of all the cultivars were slowed with decreasing air temperature and solar radiation. Nizersail and BR11 did not complete flower beyond October 01 and September 01 planting, respectively while BR1l completed flowering in all the planting dates. An average temperature 23.92, 26.17 and 21.31 degree C for 10 days after start of heading was required for Nizersail, BR1l and BR22, respectively. Eighty three to 94% tillers of Nizersail produced fully exerted panicles upto October 01 planting while for BR11 it was 21-92% upto September 15 planting but in BR22 it was about 86-97% in all planting dates. Full panicle exertion of Nizersail sharply increased with increasing temperature sum for 10 days from start of heading, later slightly decreased but it was sharply increased in BR11. The BR22 was less sensitive to temperature. The percent panicle exertion was highly correlated with temperature sum for 1-10 days after start of heading for Nizersail (r = 0.87*] and BR22 (r = 0.96*]. In BR1l, it was highly correlated with temperature sum for 1-10, 11-20, 21-30 and 11-30, days from start of heading and the corresponding values were (r = 0.97*], (r= 0.95*], (r = 0.81 ], (r = 0.90*], respectively.

Keywords: Planting dates, T.aman rice, Phenological events, Air-temperature

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur farm

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

Information regarding phenological events of rice varieties BR11, BR22 and Nizersail to temperature are not adequate. Hence, this experiments was undertaken to find out the effect of planting dates on phenological development and to determine the degree of sensitivity of cultivars to air temperature

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) Gazipur farm where three rice cultivars (Nizersail, BR11 and BR22) were planted on seven different dates (August 01 and 15, September 01, 15 and 22, October 01 and 07). The experiment was laid out in a split plot design as planting dates were in main plots and cultivars in subplot. The treatments were replicated in three times. The unit plot size was 3x3m. Three to four 35 days old seedlings were transplanted at 25x20cm spacing. Fertilizers as N, P₂O₅, K₂O and S were applied @ 60-40-40-10 kg ha^-1 from urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum, respectively. All fertilizers and one third of urea were applied at basal. Rest of urea was applied in two equal splits as top-dressed at 15 days after transplanting (DAT) and 7-days before panicle initiation (PI) followed by their incorporation with soil two days after application. All other cultural practices were done as and when needed for proper crop management. The following data were recorded. Date of Panicle Initiation (PI): From the boarder line of each plot 3-4 tillers were randomly collected and opened by a needle and panicle primordia was observed through a magnifying glass at 2-days intervals beginning stem elongation stage. Date of heading: This was the date when 50% tillers in a hill produced completely exerted panicles. Flowering duration: It was the duration between start of heading and when about 50% of the plants had completely emerged panicles. Panicle exsertion: At maturity the number of panicle with 100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% of their length exposed from flag leaf sheath were counted from nine hills per variety (0.45 m² area) and expressed as present of total tillers per group. Weather data: It was taken from the BRRI Plant Physiology Division. Statistical analysis: The relationship between fully panicle exsertion and temperature was studied using the best fitted regression models and correlation analysis^[7]. Effect of temperature sum on complete panicle emergence was determined by the model, y=a+bx for BR22, and by y=a+bx+cx² for Nizersail and BR11; where, y is the percent tillers with emerged panicles, x is the temperature sum for 10 days since start of heading and a, b, c are constants.

Source of Information: Journal of Agronomy 3(2):90-93,2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Full panicle exsertion of Nizersail and BR22 was highly correlated with temperature sum for 10 days since start of heading but not after this period. Panicle exsertion of BR11 was highly correlated with the temperature sum for 1-10, 11-20, 21-30 and 11-30 days from the start of heading. Basis on these results it may be concluded that BR11 is very much sensitive to cold followed by Nizersail and BR22.

Knowledge Management: Journal