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A Study of Canopy Structure and Dry Mass Production in Short Duration Pigeonpea Morphotypes

M.G. Mostafa
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

S.M.M. Hossain
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.S.A. Fakir
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at Mymensingh (24°75'N, 90°50'E) to investigate morphological structure of shoot and root, dry mass production and its partitioning to plant parts, and their relationship in four short duration pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) morphotypes. Results revealed that there were genetic variations in canopy structure of shoot and root. Of the morphotypes, ESD-36 (Extra short duration # 36) possesses more compact shoot canopy and larger taproot than in the others. Results of correlation study showed that seed yield could be increased by increasing shoot, root and total dry mass production in short duration pigeonpea.

Keywords: Morphology, Dry mass, Cajanus cajan

Location: Field laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-1999

End Date: 00-04-2000

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Pigeonpea

Objectives:

1. To investigate variation in morphological structure of root and shoot; 2. To study DM production and partitioning into different plant parts; and 3. To envisage relationships between the above and TDM, and seed yield in four short duration pigeonpea morphotypes.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the field laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, between November, 1999 and April, 2000 at 24°75' N latitude and 90°50' E longitude at the elevation of 18 m above the sea level. The topography of experimental field was medium high land belonging to the Sonatola soil series of grey flood plain soil type under the Agro-ecological zone-9 (AEZ-9) named old Brahmaputra flood plain. The soil was silty loam imperfectly to poorly drained permeability. Seeds of the four determinate short duration (SD) pigeonpea morphotypes were collected from International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), India. Of the morphotypes two were short duration (SD-13 and SD-15) and the other two were extra short duration (ESD-19 and ESD-36) morphotypes. Again two were high yielding morphotypes (SD-13 and ESD-19) and the other two were low yielding ones (SD-15 and ESD-36). Urea @ 8 g/plot, Triple Super Phosphate @ 10 g/plot and Muriate of Potash @ 6 g/plot were applied as source of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium respectively. Moreover, well decomposed cowdung @ 2.5 kg/plot was also applied to the plots. Before planting, plots were dug and soils were exposed to sun seven days before sowing. The field experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The total experimental plot was divided into three blocks. Each block was then subdivided into 4 plots (4 m x 0.5 m) where 4 treatments (4 morphotypes) were allotted at random. The blocks were 1 m apart and the distance between unit plots was 0.5 m. Pigeonpea seeds were hand sown at 5 cm depth at a spacing of 50 cm x 30 cm on November 8, 1999. Emergence of seedlings commenced at 10 days after sowing (DAS). Thinning was done at 15 DAS keeping one healthy seedling at each hill. Standard intercultural practices were followed. The plots were harvested separately at 70-80% dry pod maturity between March 18 and April 20, 2000. The plants from central guarded rows were sampled and harvested for collecting yield and yield attributes. The harvested crop of each plot was bundled separately, tagged properly and brought to the laboratory for further observation. Prior to harvesting four plants were selected randomly from each plot and dug carefully for collecting data on root characters. Plants parts were separated and oven dried (80±2⁰C) for 48 hours and their corresponding dry matter (DM) were weighed and recorded. Harvest index (HI) was estimated

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 3 (1): 9-12, 2009; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It was observed that SD-13 was a high yielding morphotype. The morphotype SD-13, with thicker and wider tap root, greater root mass, may be suitable under drought condition since increased root growth had been advocated as an index of better growth under drought condition

Knowledge Management: Journal