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Vegetative Propagation of Stevia (stevia Rebaudiana)

M.H. Hasan
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

A.K.M.S.H. Chowdhury
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.A.R. Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.H. Kabir
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

A.R. Khan
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out in the BINA (Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agricultural), Mymensingh (24^oN and 98^o S latitude, 11 m Elevation) during March’08 to June’08 to find out the protocol of propagation of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.), which is compatible with the socio-economic condition of Bangladesh. Three consecutive experiments were done to complete this experiment. In the first experiment, from mother plant, 21 to 25 days old disease free branches were selected and 8-10 cm long terminal part containing 8-10 leaves were cut off with the help of a sharp knife in the afternoon. Immediately after cutting, the cuttings were placed in the small pots of plastic tray containing different medium (viz. soil, sand, saw dust, soil + sand, soil + saw dust, and sand + saw dust). A randomized complete block design was used with two factors (Factor A: Medium of planting viz. soil, sand, saw dust and their combinations and Factor B: glass house, polythene shade, straw shade and under the open sky) and three replications. The highest survivability was found from soil as a media under the straw shade. Based on the results of the first experiment another experiment was set up considering the survivability percent. It was set up directly in the field. A randomized complete block design was used with two factors. Factor A: open sky, polythene shade and straw shade and factor B: cuttings (with leaves and without leaves) and three replications. The block size was 2.5 m x 4 m x 1 m. Each plot was 1m² (1m x 1m). From this experiment the cuttings with leaves under straw shade showed distinctly superior performance compared to others. The highest percent survivability (90.33%) was obtained from cuttings with leaves under the straw shade which was significantly different from all others combinations. In case of third experiment randomized complete block design was used with two treatments and three replications. In this experiment, only straw shade was used due to it’s outstanding performance in case of first one and two experiments by maintaining same distance. Cuttings with leaves produced highest percent (93.67%) final survivability followed by 38.67% from cuttings without leaves.

Keywords: Stevia, Vegetative propagation, Survivability

Location: BINA (Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agricultural), Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2008

End Date: 00-06-2008

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

1. To develop a Protocol of propagation of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) which is compatible with the socio-economic condition of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in the BINA (Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agricultural), Mymensingh (24^o N and 98^o S latitude, 11 m Elevation) during March’07 to June’07 to find out the protocol of propagation of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana), which is compatible with the socio-economic condition of Bangladesh. The experimental area was characterized by non-calcareous dark grey floodplain soil belonging to the Sonatola Soil Series under the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9). Soil of the experimental site was more or less neutral with a pH value of 6.8, low in organic matter content and fertility level. The land type was medium high with silty loam texture. The experimental site was under the subtropical climate, which was characterized by high temperature, high humidity and heavy precipitation with occasional gusty winds during April to September and Scanty rainfall associated with moderately low temperature from October to March. Stevia is a new crop in Bangladesh and considerable research work has not been conducted yet. This was the first and worthy research work on Stevia in Bangladesh at field level. Based on research works conducted in BSRI and some international works this experiment was designed. First experiment - From mother plant, 21 to 25 days old disease free branches were selected and 8-10 cm long terminal part containing 8-10 leaves were cut off with the help of a sharp knife in the afternoon. Immediately after cutting, the cuttings were placed in the small pots of plastic tray containing different medium (viz. soil, sand, saw dust, soil + sand, soil + saw dust, and sand + saw dust). A randomized complete block design was used with two factors and three replications as folows. Factor A: Medium of planting. The sub-factors are as follows: i. Soil iv. Soil (50%) + sand (50%) ii. Sand v. Soil (50%) + saw dust (50%) iii. Saw dust vi. Sand (50%) + saw dust (50%). Each tray contains 64 small holes and all holes of a tray were filled up with the same type of medium. Thus 24 trays were prepared. In each tray cuttings were planted in 16 holes with an alternate fashion of planting and empty at each side. Factor B: Environment - Four different environments were selected to place the trays containing the cuttings. The sub-factors were, Glass house, under the cover of perforated polythene, under the shade (2 feet above the soil surface) prepared by straw and under the open sky. Then six trays containing six types of medium and cuttings were placed in glass house, six were under the polythene cover to prevent moisture loss, six were under the shade of straw and the last six were placed under open sky. Then these trays were kept under continuous observation. Second experiment: This experiment was set up directly in the field. A randomized complete block design was used with six treatments and three replications. Each block was 2.5 m wide and 4 m long and 1 m apart. Each plot was 1m² (1m x 1m). It was two factorial experiment. Factor A. Environment Straw shade (2 feet above soil surface), polythene (2 feet over soil surface) cover and open sky. Factor B. Cutting. With leaves and without leaves Cuttings were taken as before. But in case of cuttings without leaves, just the leaves were removed. In each plot cuttings were planted 15 cm apart at each side. From this experiment the cuttings with leaves under straw shade showed distinctly superior performance compared to others. Considering the results of this experiment another experiment was set up. Third Experiment: Randomized complete block design was used with two treatments and three replications. In this experiment, only straw shade was used. Each block was 1 m wide and 2.5 m long and 1 m apart. Area of each plot was 1m² (1m x 1m). Treatments were as follows: A. Cuttings with leaves and B. Cuttings without leaves. Cuttings were collected in the same manner as done in the first experiment. The cuttings were planted 15cm apart from each other at both sides. Water was applied in such a manner so that the soil always remains wet (around field capacity).The recorded data were compiled and tabulated for statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was done with the help of statistical package Mstatc. The mean difference among the treatments was adjudged with Least Significant Difference test.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 3 (1): 33-36, 2009; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest percent survivability (90.33%) was obtained from cuttings with leaves under the straw shade which was significantly different from all others combinations. In case of third experiment randomized complete block design was used with two treatments and three replications. In this experiment, only straw shade was used due to it’s outstanding performance in case of first one and two experiments by maintaining same distance. Cuttings with leaves produced highest percent (93.67%) final survivability followed by 38.67% from cuttings without leaves.

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