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Effect of Bio-agents on Growth and Root-knot (meloidogyne Javanica) Disease of Soybean

M.A. Hossain
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M. Mahbub
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

N. Khanam
Department of Agriculture ExtensionBangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.S. Hossain
GMark Consulting Limited, Dhaka

M.M. Islam
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effects of four treatments with BINA-Biofertilizer, BAU-Biofungicide, BINA-Biofertilizer + BAU-Biofungicide as bio-agents along with a control were tested against root-knot (Meloidogyne javanica) of three soybean varieties (ASOME-SEME, ACC-1222 and ASSET-93-19-3). The bio-agents were used as seed treatment. The bio-agents individually and combinedly increased significantly the plant growth in terms of length of shoot and root, fresh weight of shoot and root with nodules, weight of seeds and number of nodules per plant correspondingly with decreased number of galls and adult females of the nematode. The plants treated with BAU-Biofungicide performed better than that of BINA-Biofertilizer followed by their combination. The highest number of nodules per plant was found with BINA-Biofertilizer. ASSET-93-19-3 appeared with higher plant growth characters, nodulation and yield with reduced galling compared to other varieties. Negative correlations were found between gall numbers and plant growth characters with nodulation and between gall numbers and yield components.

Keywords: Soybean, Bio-agent, Meloidogyne javanica

Location: Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Start Date: 00-11-2008

End Date: 00-03-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

1. To see the effect of BAU-Biofungicide (Trichoderma harzianum), BINA-Biofertilizer (Bradyrhizobium sp.) and their combination in controlling root knot disease caused by Meloidogyne javanica, and subsequent plant growth of soybean.

Methodology:

Sixty earthen pots (30 cm diameter) were filled with sterilized soil (5 kg soil per pot) composing loamy soil, sand and well decomposed cowdung at a ratio of 2:1:1 to raise soybean plants. Before filling with soil, the pots were sterilized with formalin with a view to avoiding any contaminations. Seeds of three varieties of soybean, ASOME-SEME (V1), ACC-1222 (V2) and ASSET-93-19-3 (V3) were collected from the Germplasm Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BAU, Mymensingh. The peat based inoculant Bradyrhizobium sp. for soybean was collected from the division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. BAU-Biofungicide was collected from the Disease Resistance Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Four treatments used in the experiment are T_o = Control, T₁ = BINA-Biofertilizer, T₂= BAU-Biofungicide and T₃= BINA-Biofertilizer + BAU-Biofungicide. Apparently healthy, mature and disease free soybean seeds were taken for the purpose of sowing. Before sowing, these seeds were treated with 10% chlorox solution for 30 seconds and were subsequently rinsed with sterilized distilled water for three times. For seed treatment, rice froth was added each in case to moisten the seed coat and then bio agents were thoroughly mixed with them. In case of T₁ seeds were mixed thoroughly with BINA-Biofertilizer until proper coating of seeds. In case of T₂ seeds were properly mixed with BAU-Biofungicide at a ratio of 1:40 w/w (Seed; BAU-Biofungicide) and in T₃ i.e., seed were coated with BINA-Biofertilizer first and then again coated with BAU-Biofungicide. Soil in the pot was mulched properly and the seeds of ASOME-SEME (V₁), ACC-1222 (V₂) and ASSET-93-19-3 (V₃) were directly sown in the respective pots of treatment. Equal numbers of surface sterilized seeds were directly sown in few pots as control. It was done for all the varieties. Each pot received apparently three healthy and uniform sized seeds. The seeds were then thinly covered with soil. After germination of seeds, one healthy seedling was allowed to grow in each pot by removing the others. Weeding, irrigation, mulching etc. were done as and when necessary. Mature egg masses of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica L.) were collected from severely galled root system of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) previously inoculated with single egg mass of Meloidogyne javanica. For inoculation, reddish brown mature egg masses were collected from infected roots with the help of fine forceps and then placed in a petridish containing 5 ml of sterile water to avoid desiccation. After 52 days of planting, each soybean plant was inoculated with eight egg masses collected from infected brinjal plants. On each side of the plant, 4 egg masses were placed on the exposed roots of the seedling by opening the soil at the stem base. Thus the experiment was designed in two factors Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five replications. After 75 days of inoculation, plants were carefully uprooted from the pots, washed with tap water gently carefully and different parameters were studied.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 3 (1): 77-80, 2009; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The effects of four different treatments on different plant growth characters such as nodulation, weight of seeds plant^-1 and galling incidence were found to be significant (P ≥ 0.05).T₂ (BAU-Biofungicide) performed the best in most cases compared to other three treatments followed by T₁ (BINA-Biofertilizer).

Knowledge Management: Journal