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Cyanobacterial Blooms and Water Quality in Two Urban Fish Ponds

Sharmeen Rahman
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi

Md. Abu Sayed Jewel
Department of Fisheries, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The occurrence and abundance of cyanobacterial population was monitored monthly in two urban fish ponds in Rajshahi City Corporation area from January to December, 2006. The bloom was observed in March, August and September. Some environmental parameters such as water temperature, transparency, pH, Dissolved Oxygen(DO), free Carbon dioxide(CO₂), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), NO₂-N, NH₃-N, NH₄ +, toxic ammonia, Oxidation reduction Index (rH₂) were recorded and their relationship with the bloom formation by cyanobacteria are discussed. During the study period 23 species of cyanobacteria were identified. Among which Microcystis, Anabaena, Planktothrix were found to be the dominant genera. Microcystis aeruginosa was the most dominant species during the bloom period. At the peak bloom period, Microcystis aeruginosa comprised 81.64% and 83.24% of total cyanophyceae in pond-1 and pond-2, respectively. The initiation and persistence of natural bloom of cyanobacteria, especially Microcystis was found to be triggered by relatively high temperature (33.21-33.53^oC), alkaline pH (8.8), and nutrient enrichment especially high NO₂-N, NH₃-N, and NH₄+ concentration.

Keywords: Cyanobacterial bloom, Nutrient, Fish, Pond

Location: Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

This paper deals with the species composition, abundance of Cyanophyceae and the effect of various environmental factors that triggered the bloom of cyanobacteria in two urban fish ponds in the Rajshahi city corporation area.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in two urban ponds for a period of 12 months from January to December, 2006. Pond-1 was situated in Baliapukur and pond-2 in Hadirmor under Rajshahi City Corporation. Both the ponds were leased out to local people who were found to practice fish culture. Pond-1 was found to receive domestic wastes and decomposed organic nutrients through 2 drains while pond-2 from 5 drains in different sides of the pond. Three manholes were situated at the east side of pond-2. Both the ponds got over flooded during the rainy season. Surface water samples were collected once a month from 10 to 11 am. Water samples were collected in black plastic bottles for the estimation of different chemical parameters. Plankton samples were collected by German plankton net of 55 μm mesh size and preserved in 5% formalin. For species identification samples were gently shaken to resuspend all materials and were allowed to settle for one minute. Then 2-3 drops were removed from the middle of the sample and placed on a glass slide. Taxonomic determination of cyanobacteria was performed with a phase-contrast microscope Olympus, Japan (Skulberg et al., 1993, Anagonistidis & Komárek, 1985). The quantitative estimation of phytoplankton was done by Sedgewick-Rafter counting chamber (S-R cell) following the method described by Stirling (1985). Seasons were divided as: summer (June through August), autumn (September through November), winter (December through February) and spring (March through May).

Source of Information: Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 27, 2008 pp. 79-84, ISSN 1023-6104

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

During the bloom of Cyanophyceae fish farmers reported that the people who bathed in the studied ponds suffered from skin rashes and eye and ear irritation. From the present study, it is suggested that further study on Cyanobacteria in relation to environmental factors as well as their harmful and noxious effects should be undertaken in different ponds, lakes, rivers and coastal water of Bangladesh

Knowledge Management: Journal