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Survivability of Fusarium Moniliforme in Rice Seeds, Stubbles and Soil

Md. Shahadat Hossain
PSO
Training Division BRRI Gazipur

Dr. Md. Ayub Ali
Professor
Dept of Plant Pathology BAU Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bakanae disease of rice is one of the major disease in Bangladesh. It causes considerable yield loss. The pathogen of the disease can survive in rice seed, stubble and soil. The objective of the study was to know how long the pathogen can survive. Results indicate that the pathogen survived in seeds for long period (15 months). Survival of pathogen decline with increase of storage period of stubble pieces in soil and it decreases further with the increases of soil moisture content. Fungal propagule of F. moniliforme decline with time both in sterilized and non sterilized soil. In non sterilized soil the recovery of F. moniliforme decreased within 60 days and after 120 days the fungus could not be detected.

Keywords: Survivability, Rice seed, stubble, F. moniliforme

Location: BRRI, Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The objective of the study was to know how long the pathogen F. moniliforme can survive in rice grain and stubble.

Methodology:

Survival on seed: The experiment was conducted in the Plant Pathology Laboratory at BRRI. Infected rice seeds of variety BR1 and BRRI dhan44 used in this study. The seeds were kept in small cloth bag separately and stored in laboratory at room temperature. Four hundred seeds of each variety were taken at monthly intervals and examined for the growth of F. moniliforme on seeds by blotter method. Survival on stubble: Bakanae infected live stubbles were collected from the farmer’s fields. The stem pieces of the stubbles were chopped into 1 cm pieces and dried under shed. Thereafter, stubble pieces were kept in small cloth bags and stored in laboratory at room temperature. Stubbles were taken at monthly interval; surface sterilized and plated on PDA media. The plates were incubated at 25±1^oC in an incubator for six days. The stubble pieces with number of colonies of F. moniliforme were counted and percent survival/recovery was calculated for each sample. Survival with stubble in soil: Bakanae infected living stubble comprising lower 15 cm stem were collected and chopped in to 1 cm pieces and dried under shed. The stubble pieces were mixed with shade dried and sieved natural clay loam soil. One kg sample of infested soils was taken in each of five polythene bags. Five levels of moisture content of the samples viz. 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80% were adjusted in the polythene bags. Then the polythene bags were sealed and kept at room temperature in the laboratory. The stubble pieces were collected after every month from each bag. The samples were washed surface sterilized. Then the stubble pieces were plated on PDA media. The plates were incubated at 25±1^oC in an incubator for 7 days. The experiment was continued upto 8 months. The stubble pieces showing colonies of F. moniliforme were counted and percent survival was calculated for each treatment. Survival in soil: Conidial suspension (200ml) of F. moniliforme (5 x 10⁶conidia/ml) was thoroughly mixed with 2 kg of air dried clay loam soil in plastic tray (37x 27 x 12 cm) and incubated at room temperature. Moisture content of the tray was maintained at 10% by adding sterilized water periodically. Pieces of mature rice plant were sterilized and after 30 days interval, sterilized stem pieces were mixed into infested soil and kept for 3 days. Then all the stem pieces were separated from the infested soil washed and sterilized . Finally the stem pieces were plated on PDA medium. Testing of the pieces was continued until the conidia were baiting the stem pieces. The experiment was maintained upto 180 days. The stem pieces showing colonies of F. moniliforme were counted and percent recovery was calculated.

Source of Information: Part of PhD Thesis by MD. Shahadat Hossain, Examination Roll No. 01 Reg. No.16052, Session: 1988-89, June 2014, Plant Pathology Division, BAU, Mymensingh

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The pathogen F. moniliforme can survived in seeds upto 15 months. Survival of pathogen decline with increase of storage period of stubble pieces in soil and it decreases further with the increases of soil moisture content. Fungal propagule of F. moniliforme decline with time both in sterilized and non sterilized soil. In non sterilized soil the recovery of F. moniliforme decreased within 60 days and after 120 days the fungus could not be detected.

Knowledge Management: Thesis