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Study of Water Hyacinth of Bangladesh Iv: Comparative Study of Pollen Grains and Development of Seed in Both Long and Short Petioled Forms of Eichhornia Crassipes (mart.) Solms-laubach

Rahima Khatun
Biological Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka

A. S. Islam
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.

F. Z. Majid
Biological Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Pollen stainability was found to be more or less similar in long petioled form (LPs) and short petioled form (SPs) of water hyacinth but the size of both oval and round pollen grains was bigger in SPs in comparison to the LPs, the difference being statistically significant. In seed development, significant differences were observed between LPs and SPs at 1 % level only in respect of their average number of capsules and seeds in case of natural pollination. However, in case of artificial self and crosspollinated flowers, significant differences were observed between LPs and SPs at 1 % level in respect of their average number of capsules, seed-bearing capsules and also number of seeds per capsule.

Keywords: Water hyacinth, Pollen Grains, Development of seed, Eichhornia crassipes

Location: Biological Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Weed management

Objectives:

To study the characteristics of pollen grain and development of seed in both long petioled form (LPs) and short petioled form (SPs) of water hyacinth.

Methodology:

For comparative study of pollen characteristics and seed development, samples of water hyacinth (LPs and SPs) were collected from ditches. After collection, the samples were separated on the basis of petioles. The LPs were characterized by long slender petioles while SPs by short swollen petioles. Selected samples having distinct petiole differences, were then grown separately in earthen tubs, containing tap water. All experiments were conducted in BCSIR Laboratories, Dhaka. Pollen grain study: Pollen grain characteristics- After flowering, pollens of both LPs and SPs were collected and stained with acetocarmine and glycerine in the ratio of 1:1 (According to trial and error method). The estimates were based on the examination of 1500 pollen grains. Only well inflated, uniformly stained grains were considered for the study. The freshly opened anthers were placed in a drop of the stain on a clean slide; anthers were gently squeezed with a pair of forceps and the debris was removed. Cover slip was placed and stainability was scored with a compound microscope. The stainability was expressed in percentage. Photomicrographs of pollen grains of both LPs and SPs were taken. Pollen grains were measured using Ocular micrometer (8X45). For this study only fully stained pollen grains were counted for both LPs and SPs. Development of seed of LPs and SPs Development of seed by natural pollination Water hyacinth flowers are attractive and usually insects visit the flowers, but only 35 % flowers are pollinated under natural condition. After 18 days, the mature capsules were collected and sun-dried. Number of capsules per inflorescence, number of seed bearing capsules per inflorescence, number of seeds per capsule were recorded. Insects visiting the flowers were also recorded. Use of bagging method for seed development by self or cross-pollination: Development of seeds by self-pollination Early in the morning pollen grains from the freshly opened flowers were transferred to the stigma of the same flower with the help of sterilized forceps. The flowers were then covered with a mosquito-net and marked by a tag. After about 18 days the capsules matured. The net was then removed from the inflorescence and the capsules were collected and dried under the sun. The dry capsules were dissected to detect the presence or absence of seed in them. If seeds were present, their number was determined. Record was maintained of the number of capsules per inflorescence, number of seed-bearing capsules per inflorescence and number of seeds per capsule. Fifty inflorescences of both LPs and SPs were used in this study. Development of seed by cross-pollination: Reciprocal crosses were made between LPs and SPs. The cross-pollinated flowers were covered with a piece of mosquito-net and marked with a tag. After 18 days, the mature capsules were collected and sun-dried. Number of capsules per inflorescence, number of seed-bearing capsules per inflorescence and number of seeds per capsule were recorded as described before. Eighteen inflorescences of both forms (LPs and SPs) were included in this study.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 41(3-4), 189-202, 2006

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the comparative study of pollen grain and development of seeds in both long petioled (LPs) and short petioled (SPs) form of water hyacinth it is evident that water hyacinth has two different forms.

Knowledge Management: Journal