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Phytoplankton Diversity and Abundance in Relation to Pollution Levels in the Hazaribagh Tannery Effluent Sewage Water of the River Buriganga

Zannatul Ferdous
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Sumi Akter
Environmental Microbiology Lab, ICDDR’B, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Mahamudul Hasan
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Rawshan Ara Begum
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Reza Md. Shahajahan
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

About 185 leather processing industries have been operating in Hazaribagh and discharging solid and liquid wastes to the downstream areas of the river Buriganga and to the canals around. The physico-chemical parameters and biological examination of tannery effluents sewage water were carried out in relation to phytoplankton abundance at four selected points (viz. Kamrangirchar: K1, K2 and K3; Hazaribagh Tempo Stand: H) of the Buriganga river from October 2009 to September 2010. Altogether 27 genera of Phytoplankton belonging to the families Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae and Cryptophyceae were identified from the above points. Merismopedia was the most abundant form (3.6×104 - 2.4×106 cell/L) compared to those (1.4-72 ×103 cell/l) genera of other phytoplankton (Nitzschia, Synedra, Pleurosigma, Euglena , Strusastrum, Crucigenia, Ourococcus ) at K1, the station closest to the tannery effluent outfall. The abundance of Merismopedia increased gradually (K2: 6.45×104 - 3.68×106, K3: 6.95×104 -1.68x107 and H: 1.0×105 - 2.06×107) along with the decreasing pollutant concentrations of the water.

Keywords: Phytoplankton, Tannery effluent, Buriganga river, Pollution, Merismopedia, Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae

Location: Hazaribagh (Kamrangirchor) tannery complex area, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-10-2009

End Date: 00-09-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Contamination

Objectives:

To study the diversity and abundance of phytoplankton in relation to the level of pollution near Hazaribagh area of the Buriganga river.

Methodology:

To evaluated the physical, chemical and biological variables, sampling was performed at four selected different points of Hazaribagh (Kamrangirchor) tannery complex area, located in Dhaka, Bangladesh (23o43’N, 90o21’E). These points were K1 main tannery effluent discharging point (Companyghat), K2 about 100 meters north from K1 downstream location from the sluice gate, K3 about 150 meters from K2, and Hazaribagh tempo stand (H) about 240 meters from K1 location from October 2009 to September, 2010. The water samples were collected in the morning between 7.00 a.m. and 9.00 a.m. Water temperature (by using a precise mercury thermometer), hydrogen ion concentration (by using a pH meter), electrical conductivity (with a conductivity meter), turbidity level (by using turbidity-meter) were recorded at the spot and the rest of the parameters were determined in the laboratory. Water samples were collected for chemical and biological analysis using pre-washed polyethylene bottle by water sample twice before filling and stored at 4°C in the laboratory. Following physiochemical parameters were measured in the laboratory: Dissolved oxygen (by using a DO meter), Biological oxygen demand, BOD (5-day BOD test), Chemical oxygen demand, COD (by sample digestion method), Phosphate (by using Standard Colorimetric method, ascorbic acid). Nitrite-nitrogen, Nitrate-nitrogen and Ammonia (by using spectrophotometric method). Collected algal samples were preserved in 4% formalin and lugol’s iodine solution. Algal identification was done by using a standard monograph.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1): 121-128, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Altogether 27 genera of phytoplanktons belonging to five families, viz. Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae and Cryptophyceae were identified from four points near the river Buriganga. Merismopedia was the most abundant form in comparison with the presence of other phytoplanktons, viz. Crucigenia, Ankistrodesmus, Clostridium, Coelostrum, Senedesmus and Nitzschia. The abundance of Merismopedia increased gradually along with the decreasing pollutants concentration of the water.

Knowledge Management: Journal