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Bioaccumulation of Some Heavy Metals in Ayre Fish (sperata Aor Hamilton, 1822), Sediment and Water of Dhaleshwari River in Dry Season

Abu Tweb Abu Ahmed
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Suman Manda
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Didarul Alam Chowdhury
Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abu Rayhan M. Tareq
Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

M. Mizanur Rahman
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to determine the level of bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in a freshwater fish Ayre collected from Rajfulbaria (23⁰48′56.36″ N and 90⁰14′54.04″ E) of Dhaleshwari river. Four heavy metals, namely chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) were selected for this study. Metal concentrations were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after nitric acid digestion of samples. The concentrations of accumulated heavy metals in fish were also compared with the concentrations of metals in the sediments and waters of that river. The level of bioaccumulations in different organs of S. aor were determined separately and compared among them. Average bioaccumulation levels in S. aor were Cr: 1.458 mg/kg, Cu: 31.500 mg/kg, Pb: 18.776 mg/kg and Cd: 0.487 mg/kg of dry weight. The levels of heavy metals in sediments were Cr: 27.393 mg/kg, Cu: 37.450 mg/kg, Pb: 15.797 mg/kg and Cd: 2.083 mg/kg, and in water were Cr: 0.130 ppm, Cu: 0.000 ppm, Pb: 0.201 ppm and Cd: 0.001 ppm. The bioaccumulation of these four heavy metals in fish organs, sediment and water samples were also compared with FAO approved standard levels and other related studies, and found that the levels of bioaccumulation in the Dhaleshwari river exceeded all the standard levels.

Keywords: Bioaccumulation, Heavy metals, FAAS, Ayre fish.

Location: Dhaleshwari river, Rajfulbaria, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2010

End Date: 00-01-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Contamination, Cat fish

Objectives:

To determine the concentration level of some important heavy metals in fishes, sediment and water in order to know the level of pollution in Dhaleshwari river.

Methodology:

Samples of Ayre fish, Long Whischard Catfish, sediment and water were collected from Dhaleshwari river at Rajfulbaria in Savar, Dhaka (23⁰48′56.36″ N and 90⁰14′54.04″ E) during November 2010 - January 2011. Fishes were caught by using a seine net. The samples were prepared step by step according to the recommended procedures by AOAC. The fishes were weighed by a spring balance in the field and an electric balance in laboratory according to weight range. After the dissection of the collected fishes, all organs (namely flesh, kidney, gills, digestive tract and liver) were taken separately in a petridish and weighed by using an electric balance and then taken into polybags separately. The polybags were sealed and taken into an icebox. Sediment and water were collected manually by using scoop and plastic water sampling bottles. Fish organs, sediment and water were separately digested by nitric acid (HNO₃) and perchloric acid (HClO₄). The concentration of heavy metals (namely chromium, copper, lead and cadmium) were determined by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (FAAS, model: Perkin Elmar Analyst 800) in Atomic Energy Research Establishment Laboratory, Savar, Dhaka. Data were analyzed by Winlab 32TM and then by SPSS.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1):147-153, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Dhaleshwari river is polluted and contaminated by toxic metals coming from different industries near the river. The fishes and water of that river are quite unsafe for human consumption. The levels of heavy metals exceed the standard and acceptable level. To mitigate the pollution in Dhaleshwari river, it is recommended to establish a waste water treatment plant in each of the factories and municipal drainage systems near the river and implementation of environmental safety laws strictly.

Knowledge Management: Journal