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Laboratory Evaluation of Some Mungbean Varities for Susceptibility to Pulse Beetle, Callosobruchus Maculates (f.)

M. A. Miah
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Entomology, Patuakhali Science & Technology University Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A total of nine (9) mungbean varieties were evaluated for their susceptibility to the pulse beetle C. maculates under ‘free choice’ and ‘no choice’ testes in the laboratory condition. Based on egg deposition, larvae and pupae development, adult emergence and seed damage, results revealed that Barisal local, BARI Mug-3, BARI Mug-4, BARI Mug-5 and BINA Mug-1 were highly susceptible; BARI Mug-6 was moderately susceptible, BU Mug-1 was susceptible, while BARI Mug-2 and BU Mug-2 were found to be moderately resistant to C. maculates. There was no varietal influence on egg hatching. Among the tested mungbean varieties, the moderately resistant varieties can be used as a source of resistance for C. maculates in breeding programmes.

Keywords: Mungbean, Susceptibility and Callosobruchus maculates

Location: SAU,Dhaka

Start Date: 01-03-2009

End Date: 31-05-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects

Objectives:

To evaluate different mungbean variety(s) for their susceptibility to the C. maculatus for the management of this pest in stored seeds.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out in storage condition in the entomology laboratory of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Bangladesh during the period from March to May, 2009.

Tested varieties: Nine mungbean varieties viz. BU Mug-1, BU Mug-2, BARI Mug-2, BARI Mug-3, BARI Mug-4, BARI Mug-5, BARI Mug-6, BINA Mug-1 and Barisal local were used in this study.

Test insects and their maintenance: Test insects (Pulse beetles, C. maculatus) used in the present investigation were obtained from the stock cultures of the entomology laboratory of SAU. Stock culture was maintained on mungbean seeds in plastic jars covered with markin cloth in the same laboratory.

Identification of Male and female: Male and female beetles were sorted out under simple microscope by their antennal characteristics, size and shape of the body. Then they were used for this experiment.

Resistance tests: Tested mungbean varieties were screened for resistance against C. maculatus in both ‘free choice’ and ‘no-choice’ tests under laboratory conditions.

Free-choice test: In free-choice test, all tested mungbean varieties were subjected to the attack of C. maculatus freely, following the method described by Raina (1971) and Dahms (1972). Twenty grams of healthy seeds of each mungbean variety were taken in individual plastic pot (6 cm dia. x 9 cm height). The seed containing pots were placed randomly at equal distances around a central circle in the mosquito netted topped tin cage (60 cm dia. x 90 cm height). Then 150 pairs of one-day-old (0-24 hours) healthy adults of C. maculatus were taken from the stock culture were released them in a petridish (90 mm dia.) and finally placed it in the centre of the cage. The beetles were allowed to remain there for free mating and oviposition. After three days of release, both dead and alive insects were removed from the plastic pots by seiving. The number of eggs laid on the seeds in each pot was then recorded by visually. The pots with the lids were then stored under room conditions.

No choice test: In this test C. maculatus were allowed to enter only one seed variety. Twenty grams of de-infested healthy seeds of each variety were taken in individual plastic pots (6 cm dia. x 9 cm height). Then 5 pairs of one-day-old healthy adults of C. maculatus taken from the stock culture were released in each pot and covered with lids. After three days of release for oviposition, both dead and alive insects were removed from the pots and then the same procedure was followed as in the free-choice test. Data were recorded as previous parameters.

Determination of resistance or susceptibility: Initial weight (Before setting the experiment) and the final weight (After complete emergence of adults from the laid eggs) of the grains were recorded separately for each variety. Seed damage was expressed as the percentage and the percentage of seed damage was also graded as level of resistance according to Singh et al. (1998) with some modifications as follows:Highly resistant (HR): 0-5% seed damage; moderately resistant (MR): 5.1-10% seed damage; moderately susceptible (MS): 10.1-15% seed damage; susceptible (S): 15.1-20% seed damage and highly susceptible (HS) : >20% seed damage.

Source of Information: J. Patuakhali Sci. and Tech. Univ. 2012, 3(2):43-51

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the tested mungbean varieties, the moderately resistant varieties can be used as a source of resistance for C. maculates in breeding programmes.

Knowledge Management: Journal