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Effects of Removal of Pseudostem from the Sucker During Transplanting on Growth and Yield of Banana

S. N. Mozumder
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

M. R. Islam
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

S. M. M. Rahman
Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

N. C. Basak
Senior Scientific Officer
Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali in two cropping periods from October 1999 to October 2001. A factorial RCB design with four banana cultivars (Bangla, Champa, Anazi and Sagar) and four sizes of pseudostem retention of sucker i.e. 5cm, 30cm, 60cm and control was used in this experiment. Significant differences were observed among the varieties in respect of vegetative and yield performances. Bangla banana gave maximum yield (35.49t/ha) followed by Anazi (27.60t/ha) and Amritasagar gave the lowest yield (23.84t/ha). Maximum BCR was obtained from Bangla (4.56) while it was the lowest in Champa (3.14). Maximum number of fingers per bunch was recorded from Champa (132.6) while Anazi gave the lowest number of finger (57.2). There was no significant effect of pseudostem retention on yield and growth parameters of banana varieties. Maximum BCR (4.06) was found when 60cm pseudostem was retained with suckers and it was the lowest in control (3.73).

Keywords: Banana suckers, Pseudostem, yield.

Location: Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali, Rangamati

Start Date: 01-10-1999

End Date: 01-10-2001

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Banana

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of pseudostem retention with banana sucker on the yield of four popular banana varieties in the hilly areas.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Raikhali in two cropping seasons during the period from October 1999 to May 2001 and May 2000 to October 2001. The experimental plots were in the hill valley under Agro-ecological Zone 29. The soil of the experimental land was sandy loam having less organic matter and low water holding capacity. A factorial randomized complete block design with four varieties of banana i.e. Bangla, Champa, Anazi and Amritsagar and four sizes of pseudostem retention of suckers i.e. 5 cm, 30 cm, 60 cm and control were used in the experiment. Banana suckers (sword sucker) were 150-180 cm long (Mondal, 2000) collected from nearby orchards of hilly area. Pseudostems of randomly selected banana suckers were removed retaining 5 cm, 30 cm and 60 cm pseudostem with the rhizome, for S₁, S₂ and S₃ treatment respectively. In S₄or control treatment, whole sucker was planted (no portion of pseudostem was removed). The land was well cultivated and fertilizer and manure were applied @10kg cowdung, 250g each of urea, TSP and MP per 60x60x60cm pit 10 days before planting. The Unit plot size was 6mx4m accommodating 6 plants per plot with 2mx2m spacing. In the first year, the suckers were planted on 12 October 1999 and in second year, planting was done on 14 May 2000. Two times top dressings were done with each 200g of urea and 100g of MP and mixed with the soil 30 days after planting and before flowering (Haque and Hossain, 2001). Irrigation was applied at the time of top dressing and in extreme dry period (March-April). Weeding, mulching and de-suckering were done as and when necessary. Bamboo poles were fixed and tied properly with the upper portion of the plants after flowering. Harvesting commenced from January 2001 and continued up to May 2001 in the first year planting and from June 2001 to October 2001 in the second year planting. Data on flowering, plant performance and yield parameters were collected and analyzed as per standard procedure. Leaf area index (LAI) was calculated following the formula at the time of flowering: LAI = Length of leaf blade Width of leaf blade. Number of green leaves Plant spacing Economic analysis for benefit cost ratio (BCR) was done per hectare basis considering human labour Tk.70.00/Manday, bamboo poles Tk. 10/piece, cowdung, urea, TSP and MP were applied @ Tk. 0.25, 6.50, 13.50 and 10.00 per kg, respectively. Transportation costs of suckers are calculated considering one kilometers distance from the source to orchard. The prices of mature Bangla, Champa, Anazi and Amritasagar banana was Tk. 10/-, 8/-, 10/- and 12/- per kg, respectively, on the basis of the market value of the product at the nearby market (Raikhali Bazar, Chandraghona, Rangamati hilly district) in the harvesting periods.

Source of Information: Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development. 3(1&2): 55-59.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 45000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 45000

Achievement/Findings:

In the hilly areas, Bangla and Anazi varieties are most economic for commercial cultivation. Champa can be cultivated under stressed condition and Amritasagar might be profitable with higher management which is difficult in most of the areas in the hills. For convenient transportation, a remarkable portion 60-90% of pseudostem should be discarded and this would not hamper the yield of banana. To escape from extreme winter and dry period for tender banana plants early rainy season (May) planting is better than October planting.

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