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Flower Morphology and Leaf Nutritive Value in China Cherry and Kumbhi

M.M. Rahman
Department of Crop Botany, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet

M.S.A. Fakir
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

A.K.M.A. Prodhan
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.A. Islam
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Morphological characteristics of flower and proximate composition of leaves in China Cherry (Muntingia calabura) and Kumbhi (Careya arborea) were investigated between April and July, 2008. Flowers of China Cherry are regular, sepal and petal 5-6, polypetalous, stamen numerous, syncarpous superior ovary with 5-7 carpels. The average length of sepal and petal is about 0.80±0.06 cm and 1.14±0.08 cm, respectively and that of breadth is about 0.21±0.04 cm and 0.86±0.08 cm, respectively. The stamens are about 0.48 cm long in China Cherry. Flowers of Kumbhi, on the other hand, are medium to large, pink, clustered at the end of branches. Sepal and petals 4 or 5, polysepalous, sepals thick, dark green and persistent, petals pinkish green, stamen numerous, pink or white, ovary inferior, placentation axile, style long and persistent. The average length of sepal and petal is about 1.03±0.09 cm and 4.68±0.18 cm respectively and that of breadth is about 1.34±0.07 cm and 2.14±0.12 cm, respectively. The average number of stamens per flower is about 566.5±1.86 and the mean stamen length is about 3.51±0.11 cm. The style is persistent and the mean length 5.84±0.19 cm. Leaves of both the species had considerable amount of ash, fibre and fat. The matured leaf of China Cherry and Kumbhi contained 16.25% and 9.3% crude protein, respectively.

Keywords: Flower Morphology, Muntingia calabura, Careya arborea, Leaf proximate composition.

Location: Botanical Garden, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-04-2008

End Date: 00-07-2008

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Flower

Objectives:

1. To examine the flower morphology of China Cherry and Kumbhi and to determine the nutritive value of the leaves.

Methodology:

Six China cherry (Muntingia calabura L.) plants of 3-4 year age and five Kumbhi (Careya arborea Roxb.) trees of 5-6 year age were considered for the study in the Botanical Garden, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh (24⁰26′ & 24⁰54′ N and 90⁰15′ & 90⁰30′ E) between April and July in 2008. Ten opened flowers of both the species were randomly collected to study the flower morphology. The flowers were carefully examined under the simple microscope and the number of sepal, petals, and stamens were recorded. Arrangement of sepals, petals and stamens and their colour were also carefully observed. Cross section of the ovary was examined in the light microscope to observe the placentation and number of carpels. Magnifying glass was used to observe the minute structure. The length of 20 stamens and styles were measured using ruler. The length (L) and breadth (B) of 20 sepals and petals were also measured with a ruler. Sepal and petal area were also estimated by L×B. The proximate constituents; Crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), crude fibre (CF), total ash (TA), and nitrogen free extracts (NFE) of mature leaves of both the species were determined. The completely randomized design (CRD) was followed with four replications. Computer software SPSS was used to analyse the data. The mean differences were compared by least significant difference (LSD) test

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 3 (2):1-4, 2009; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Flowers of China Cherry are regular, sepal and petal 5-6, polypetalous, stamen numerous, syncarpous superior ovary with 5-7 carpels. The average length of sepal and petal is about 0.80±0.06 cm and 1.14±0.08 cm, respectively and that of breadth is about 0.21±0.04 cm and 0.86±0.08 cm, respectively. The stamens are about 0.48 cm long in China Cherry. Flowers of Kumbhi, on the other hand, are medium to large, pink, clustered at the end of branches. Sepal and petals 4 or 5, polysepalous, sepals thick, dark green and persistent, petals pinkish green, stamen numerous, pink or white, ovary inferior, placentation axile, style long and persistent. The average length of sepal and petal is about 1.03±0.09 cm and 4.68±0.18 cm respectively and that of breadth is about 1.34±0.07 cm and 2.14±0.12 cm, respectively. The average number of stamens per flower is about 566.5±1.86 and the mean stamen length is about 3.51±0.11 cm. The style is persistent and the mean length 5.84±0.19 cm. Leaves of both the species had considerable amount of ash, fibre and fat. The matured leaf of China Cherry and Kumbhi contained 16.25% and 9.3% crude protein, respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal