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Study on Combining Ability and Heterosis for Earliness and Short Statured Plant in Maize

M. A. Hoque
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

F. Akhter
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jamalpur, Bangladesh.

H. A. Begum
Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation (Tuber Crop), Kashimpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M. Kadir
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Jamalpur, Bangladesh.

S. Ahmed
Plant Breeding Division, BARI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out in 6x6 diallel crosses for combining ability analysis for grain yield, maturity and growth parameters in maize. Analysis of variance for combining ability showed that mean square value due to GCA & SCA were highly significant for all characters except SCA in days to tasseling and days to maturity indicated that all but two traits were governed by both additive and non-additive gene action. Variances due to GCA were much higher in magnitude than SCA indicated additive gene effects were much more important for all characters except cob length, thousand grain weight and ear height. The Parent P₅was the best general combiner for yield and most of the yield contributing characters. The Parent P₁ & P₂ were best general combiner for both dwarf and earliness. The crosses showing significant SCA effects for yield involving average x average, average x low and low x low general combining parents. The crosses P₃ x P₆ & P₄ x P₅ showed either significantly or numerically higher heterosis than checks BHM-5, BHM-7 & BHM-9 for yield.

Keywords: Maize, GCA, SCA, Heterosis

Location: RARS, Jamalpur

Start Date: 00-00-2012

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To isolating superior inbred lines and better combining parents for suitable hybrids.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at RARS, Jamalpur during rabi 2012-13. Six inbred lines of maize were mated in a diallel fashion excluding the reciprocals. The resulting 15 F₁s were grown in alpha lattice design with three replications. Each plot consisted of two rows of 5m long. The spacing between row to row was 60 cm and plant to plant was 20 cm. One plant per hill was maintained. Fertilizers were applied @ 250, 120,120 40, 5 and 1 kg/ha of N, P₂O₅, K₂O, S, Zn and Boron, respectively. Irrigation and other intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Ten randomly selected plants from each plot were used for recording data of plant and ear height. Other data were collected by considering all the plants in a plot. Grain yield kg/plot was converted into grain yield t/ha. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were estimated by following Griffing’s method II, model IV. Percent heterosis was calculated by the formula as heterosis (%) =[(F₁-CV)/CV] X 100. Where, F1 and CV represented the mean performance of hybrid and standard check variety. The estimated heterosis was tested according to Singh and Singh (1994).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(2): 365-376, June 2016 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v41i2.28238

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the study, it may be concluded that the parents P₅ & P₆ were good combiner for yield and the parents P₁ & P₂ were good combiner for both dwarf and earliness. The two hybrids (P₃ x P₆ & P₄ x P₅) showed good performance for yield and other desirable characters. However, for confirmation, these two hybrids would be further evaluated in wider agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal