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Use of Gramoxone 20sl (paraquat) Prior to Land Preparation in Controlling Aquatic Weeds in Wetland Areas of Bangladesh

Md. Masud Rana*
Scientific Officer
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Md. Abdullah Al Mamun
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Mohammad Habibullah
Product Evaluation & Assessment, Syngenta Bangladesh Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh;

Md. Imran Ullah Sarkar
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Jalil Mridha
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the farmers’ field of two villages namely Mahilara and Kashemabad under Gournadi Upazila of Barisal district, Bangladesh during October 2012 to evaluate the efficacy of Gramoxone 20SL (Paraquat) in controlling emergent aquatic weeds and to find out an appropriate dose of this herbicide. Three doses of Gramoxone 20SL at 1.96 l ha^-1, 2.00 l ha^-1 and 2.04 l ha^-1 were tried with an untreated control. All treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. There were 8 different emergent weed species infesting the field among which the most dominant weed species were Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes, Enhydra fluctuans, Monochoria vaginalis, Echinochloa crus-galli. The results revealed that, weed control efficiency was significantly affected by different herbicidal treatments. The treatments, Gramoxone 20SL at 2.00 l ha^-1 and 2.04 l ha^-1 were controlled all the emergent aquatic weeds more than 85% infesting both the sites. Application of non selective herbicide Gramoxone 20SL at 2.00 l ha^-1 prior to land preparation was most effective to suppress weed dry masses in both the site resulting reduced land preparation cost up to 78.93% as compared to manual weed control.

Keywords: Aquatic weeds, Gramoxone 20SL, SDR, Weed Control efficiency, Rice

Location: Gournadi, Barisal

Start Date: 01-10-2012

End Date: 30-10-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Chemical weed management

Objectives:

The present experiment was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of Gramoxone 20SL in controlling emergent aquatic weeds and to find out an appropriate dose of this herbicide.

Methodology:

This study was conducted at the farmers’ field of two villages namely Mahilara (90?24'E longitude and 22?92'N latitude) and Kashemabad (90?23'E longitude and 22?97'N latitude) under Gournadi Upazila of Barisal district during October 2012. The area belongs to the agro-ecological zone of Low Ganges River Floodplain (AEZ 12). The climate of the area is subtropical. The experiment was carried out with four treatments; 1) W₁ = Gramoxone 20SL at 1.96 l·ha⁻¹ , 2) W₂ = Gramoxone 20SL at 2.00 l·ha⁻¹, 3) W₃ = Gramoxone 20SL at 2.04 l·ha⁻¹ and iv) W4 = Untreated Control. The active ingredient is 20% in commercial products of Gramoxone 20SL. All treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The plot size was 4 m × 5 m and the total number of plot was 12. The treatments were applied on 5 October 2012 (Site 1: Mahilara village) and 15 October 2012 (Site 2: Kashemabad village) in the undisturbed post harvest fallow land (prior to land preparation) having 5 - 7 cm standing water. The spray solution was made by mixing commercial product of Gramoxone 20SL at 4 ml per litre water. Fresh water was used to make the spray solution. Spraying was done with the support of a knapsack sprayer in a sunny day along with good spray coverage to increase the efficacy. Data on weed density and dry weight were taken from each plot on 10 days after spraying. The weeds were identified species-wise. Weeds were sampled with the help of quadrat method and recorded. The quadrat was placed at random in the unit plot and all the weeds within each 1 m² were uprooted, dried first in the sun and thereafter, for 72 hours in an electric oven maintaining a constant temperature of 60?C. After drying weight of each sample were taken. The average weed dry weight was expressed in g·m⁻² . Relative weed density (RWD), relative weed biomass (RWB) and weed control efficiency (WCE) of different treatments were calculated with the following formulas: SDR % = RWD (%)+ RWB (%)/2

Source of Information: American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2014, 5, 358-363, http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2014.53048

Article Link (Online Journal): file:///C:/Users/barc/Downloads/AJPS_2014020813503558.pdf

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 30000

Total Budget (Tk.) : 30000

Achievement/Findings:

From this experiment it may be concluded that, Gramoxone 20SL (Paraquat) at 2.00 l-ha⁻¹ applied at prior to land preparation in monocropped fresh water wetland areas of Bangladesh is effective for controlling emergent aquatic weeds. However, further research should be conducted on impact of Gramoxone 20SL on water quality, biodiversity and aquatic life in wetland areas of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal