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Research Detail

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Gobinda Chandra biswas
Scientific officer
HARS, Khagrachari, Hill district

M. A. Karim,
CSO & Head
Entomology Division, BARI, Gazipur

        A study on external morphology  and  control of the  fruit  borer (Virachola Isocrates F.) of guava was undertaken  during  May  to  October in 1992 and 1993. The  average  length and  breadth  of  the  full grown  larva were 16.55 mm, and  4.98mm ,respectively ,and  those of  the pupa were 12.21 mm and 5.62 mm. The average  length  and  breadth  of  the  male  were  13.89 mm  and 3.89 mm, respectively ,and  those of the female were 14.7 mm and 4.45 mm.The use of polyethene  bag  for  covering  the fruit as  barrier gave  100%  control  of  the pest  followed  by  Ripcord  10 EC, Diazinon  60 EC, and  Malathion 57 EC  resulting in  48.53%, 43.02%,  and  reduction, respectively, of infestation over control.

  Morphology, Control , Fruit borer, Guava
  Hill Agricultural Research Station (HARS), Khagrachari
  01-05-1992
  31-10-1993
  Pest Management
  Insects

To study the morphology and control of fruit borer, Virachola isocrates  of guava

The morphology of larva, pupa, and adult were studied in the laboratory at Hill Agricultural Research Station ( HARS) , Khagrachari from May to October 1992. Borer infested guava fruits (Kazipiara) were collected from 0.5 hectare guava garden and carried to the laboratory ,Several infested fruits were dissected and observed borer of different stages inside the fruits. Among them ,ten full grown larvae were collected randomly and their length ,breadth, colour, and other morphological characters were recorded. Twenty-five infested fruits were kept in the rearing box until the larva came out the fruits for pupation. Ten full grown larvae were random collected from the box and transferred to petridishes for pupation. The bottom of the petridishes were  covered with white blotting paper. Length, breadth, and colour of pupae, and pupal duration were recorded. The pupae were reared in the laboratory until the adult emergence. The male and female butterflies were identified by their colour and size. The length and breadth of the body and wing expanse were measured for both the sexes. The longevity of the male and female butterflies were also recorded. Control measures for the V. Isocrates F. The guava variety Kazipiara (6 years old plant) was used in this experiment for its high infestation rate. Guava saplings were planted in  4 m + 4 m in contour lines. One plant was considered as one treatment replication. Each treated plant was separated from the other by keeping untreated plants in between. The treatments were assigned as follows;  (1) use of poly ethane bags for covering the immature fruits (marble size) as barrier , (2) spraying fruits with Malathion 57 EC @ 2ml/l of water , (3) Diazinon 60 EC @ 2ml/l of water ,(4) Nogos 100 EC @ lml/l of water, (5) Ripcord 10 EC @ lml/l of water, and (6) untreated control with water spray only. The polyethene bag used as barrier was 20cm+15 cm with two holes (0.5 cm dia ) at the bottom to facilitate aeration and drainage of any accumulated water. Sixty randomly selected marble sized ( 1.5 to 2.0 cm din) fruits were covered with polyethenc bags for the purpose.Treatments (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6) were applied at the same stage of fruit and a total of 4 sprays were  applied at an interval of 15 days during the period from 1 june to 15 july 1993. A high volume and low pressure Knapsack sprayer (Asha) was used for spraying  insecticides or water. The spraying was done as a full cover (covering leaves, fruits, branches, and the trunk of a tree) to the point of ran-off. Date were recorded at an interval of 7 days , starting from 29 july and continued up to 23 September 1993. Number and weight of healthy and infested fruits were recorded for each treatment and for each plant at harvest. The morphology of larva, pupa, and adult were studied in the laboratory at Hill Agricultural Research Station ( HARS) , Khagrachari from May to October 1992. Borer infested guava fruits (Kazipiara) were collected from 0.5 hectare guava garden and carried to the laboratory ,Several infested fruits were dissected and observed borer of different stages inside the fruits. Among them ,ten full grown larvae were collected randomly and their length ,breadth, colour, and other morphological characters were recorded. Twenty-five infested fruits were kept in the rearing box until the larvas came out the fruits for pupation. Ten full grown larvae were random collected from the box and transferred to petridishes for pupation. The bottom of the petridishes were  covered with white blotting paper. Length, breadth, and colour of pupae, and pupal duration were recorded. The pupae were reared in the laboratory until the adult emergence. The male and female butterflies were identified by their colour and size. The length and breadth of the body and wing expanse were measured for both the sexes. The longevity of the male and female butterflies were also recorded. Control measures for the V. Isocrates F. The guava variety Kazipiara (6 years old plant) was used in this experiment for its high infestation rate. Guava saplings were planted in  4 m + 4 m in contour lines. One plant was considered as one treatment replication. Each treated plant was separated from the other by keeping untreated plants in between. The treatments were assigned as follows;

 (1) use of poly ethane bags for covering the immature fruits (marble size) as barrier , (2) spraying fruits with Malathion 57 EC @ 2ml/l of water , (3) Diazinon 60 EC @ 2ml/l of water ,(4) Nogos 100 EC @ lml/l of water, (5) Ripcord 10 EC @ lml/l of water, and (6) untreated control with water spray only. The polyethene bag used as barrier was 20cm+15 cm with two holes (0.5 cm dia ) at the bottom to facilitate aeration and drainage of any accumulated water. Sixty randomly selected marble sized ( 1.5 to 2.0 cm din) fruits were covered with polyethene bags for the purpose.Treatments (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6) were applied at the same stage of fruit and a total of 4 sprays were  applied at an interval of 15 days during the period from 1 june to 15 July 1993. A high volume and low pressure Knapsack sprayer (Asha) was used for spraying  insecticides or water. The spraying was done as a full cover (covering leaves, fruits, branches, and the trunk of a tree) to the point of ran-off. Date were recorded at an interval of 7 days , starting from 29 July and continued up to 23 September 1993. Number and weight of healthy and infested fruits were recorded for each treatment and for each plant at harvest.

 

 

 

  Bangladesh Journal of Agril. Res. 21(2):294-300, 1996
  
Funding Source:
1.  Government Budget:  10,000/-
   10,000/-

Morphology of larva , pupa, and adult: The full-grown larva was dirty, dark-brown, with creamy-white patches on the back and short hairs all over the body. The hind end was flattened above .The average length and breadth of full grown larva  were 16.55 mm and 4.98 mm, respectively. The pupation took place outside the fruits, but in the field, the pupation usually takes place either in the fruits or outside the fruits or on stalks of the fruits. The pupa was dark brown to blackish brown  in colour and relatively broad towards the front The average  length and breadth of  pupae were 12.21 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively, and  the  pupal duration varied  from 16 to 18 days, averaging 17.l days. Average room temperature during pupation was 25.5`C. The adult male butterflies were glossy bluish- violet and females were brownish-violet colour with an orange patch on the fore wing. The hind wing is often provided with a delicate hair or tail like prolongation in  the anal margin Hence, it is called “Hair-streak” butterfly Each hind wing also possesses eye-shaped metallic blue spots near the hair like tail The female butterfly was slightly larger then the male. The average length, breadth, and wing expanse of the males were 13.89 mm.

 

 

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