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Effect of Trichosanthes Palmata Seed Extracts on the Growth and Development of Tribolium Castaneum (herbst) and Tribolium Confusum

L A M Khanam
BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Rajshahi

R Amin
BCSIR Laboratories, Rajshahi, Rajshahi

I Mahfuz
Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Science, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University VIC 3168, Australia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effect of different doses of Trichosanthes palmata (Makal) seed extract, viz. 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 and 16000 ppm on the growth and development of Tribolium castaneum and T. confusum was assessed. All the treatments significantly reduced the weight of T. castaneum and T. confusum. Treatments significantly lengthened the larval and pupal periods of both the species. Significantly lower pupal recovery and adult emergence were also observed.

Keywords: Trichosanthes palmata seed extract, Tribolium castaneum, T. confusum

Location: Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity:

Objectives:

The present work was aimed at studying the toxicity of T. palmata seed extract on the growth and development of T. castaneum and T. confusum.

Methodology:

Adults of T. castaneum and T. confusum were collected from the stock culture and a large number of beetles were put on a thin film of wholemeal flour previously passed through a 60-mesh sieve (ISS; 460) in a beaker for egg-collection. Eggs were collected on the following day and were incubated at 30º ±1.5º C. T. palmata seed extract was prepared by using soxhlet apparatus (DURAN, Germany, 1000 ml) in petroleum ether (ANALAR BDH, England) as solvent. After completing extraction, the solvent was removed from the extracts with the help of a vacuum rotary evaporator (EYELA, Tokyo). Finally trace amount of the solvent was removed by evaporating on a water bath. Five different concentrations of the extracts, viz. 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000 and 16000 ppm were used. The required quantities of the extracts were mixed with 15 g of standard food and 15 ml distilled acetone for each concentration. Treated food was dried by fanning, kept in an incubator at 30^oC for 24 hours and then put in a blender for proper mixing. One hundred neonate larvae for each concentration were collected with a fine camel hair brush and placed in a beaker (500 ml) containing fresh or treated food medium and secured at the top with a coarse cloth. Food was changed at 5 day intervals to avoid conditioning of the medium by the larvae themselves. One hundred newly hatched larvae were maintained as the control on a medium treated with distilled acetone only. All bioassays were performed three times. Growth of the larvae was assessed at two stages: 10 days after treatment and at maturity (16-day old). Ten-day old larvae were collected by sieving, washed from adhered flour particles and were individually weighed on an electronic balance (SHIMADZU, Japan). Similarly, mature larvae were collected and weighed. The larval period was noted and freshly formed pupae were weighed and counted, and placed in separate Petri dishes for adult emergence. The pupal period was recorded. Freshly enclosed adults were weighed and counted in each treatment. The experiment was conducted at 30º±1ºC in an incubator (SANYO, Japan, 126 cu metre). The co-efficient of variation (CV) and growth index (G.I.) of T. castaneum and T. confusum on different concentrations were calculated.

Source of Information: Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp. 17-20 ISSN 1023-6104

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A perusal of the data reveals that T. palmata seed extract reduced the growth and development of the species of Tribolium. Again, treatments significantly reduced the pupal recovery and adult eclosion in the beetles. This study suggests that petroleum ether extracts of T. palmata possesses toxic principles with significant insecticidal effect and could be a potential grain protectant against T. castaneum and T. confusum.

Knowledge Management: Journal