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Growth and Production Performance of Prawn in an Improved Culture System

M.A Sayeed
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, BAU, Mymensingh

S.M.S Rahman
Department of Fisheries Management, BAU, Mymensingh

A.K. Paul
Department of Fisheries, Bangladesh

M.N. Hassan
Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh

M.R Haque
Department of Fisheries Management, BAU, Mymensingh

T. Akter
Department of Aquaculture, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The growth and production performance of freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rogenbergii) were studied in farmers pond at Santhia, Pabna, Bangladesh over 167 days during July to December, 2008. The experiment consisted of three treatments: without feed and fertilizer (T₁), with fertilizer (T₂), and with feed and fertilizer (T₃) each with three replications having average pond area of 18.22 ± 3.46 decimal. Ponds were stocked with prawn and finfish at 26,250 ha^-1. Compost, TSP and urea were used as fertilizers in the relevant treatments at the rate of 5.0 kg, 100 g and 150 g dec^-1, respectively during pond preparation and thereafter weekly at 2.0 kg, 25 g and 15 g dec^-1 throughout the study period. Locally available feed was supplied in the respective treatments daily at the rate of 5-10% of body weight of prawn and fish. Water quality parameters did not differ significantly (P>0.05) among the treatments with a few exception, while their seasonal variations were significant (P<0.05). All the growth and production parameters like mean weight, SGR, survival rate and production differed significantly (P<0.01). T₃ yielded about 205% and 79% increased production of prawn (430 kg ha^-1) and 133% and 23% of finfish (1921 kg ha^-1), respectively over T₁ and T₂. The technology generated in T₃ treatment may be recommended for prawn cultivation.

Keywords: Prawn, Growth, Production, Local feed, Fertilizer

Location: Santhia, Pabna, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2008

End Date: 00-12-2008

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Prawn

Objectives:

1. The present paper embodies with the growth and production performance of prawn and fish in an improved culture system.

Methodology:

Study site and period: The study was carried out in nine farmers’ pond at Chondah village of Santhia upazila under Pabna district. Before commencing trial, a thorough discussion was made with the pond owners and nine of them agreed to spare their pond for this research purpose. The study was conducted during July to December 2008 for a period of 167 days. Experimental Design: The study was conducted in nine ponds designated as T₁ (Control - without feed and fertilizer), T₂ (With fertilizer) and T₃ (With feed and fertilizer). Pond preparation: Primarily pond water was drained out and the bottom soil was sun-dried and pond dikes and other parts were repaired manually. After proper drying, bottom soil was ploughed and leveled. After two weeks, dirty materials were removed from the bottom and lime (CaCO₃) was applied at the rate of 250 kg ha^-1. Ponds were provided with independent spillage. After preparing the ponds, the rain water was allowed to enter into the ponds and reaches up to an approximate depth of around 1.5 meters. Then all concerned ponds were fertilized with compost (mixture of chopped and sun dried green plants-88%, cow dung/poultry droppings-10%, urea-1% and lime-1%) 1,250.0 kg ha^-1, urea 37.5 kg ha^-1 and TSP 25.0 kg ha^-1. Prawn and finfish were reared 5-7 days after fertilization. Sources of prawn and finfish fries and stocking: Prawn and finfish fry were collected from local nursery owners on prior contract basis and stocked after sufficient acclimatization with pond water. The mean weight of prawn juveniles, and silver carp, catla and punti fry was 4.50 ± 0.43, 17.82 ± 1.08, 21.38 ± 1.55 and 10.61 ± 1.21 g, respectively. The stocking density of prawn and fish altogether was 26,250 ha^-1. Food and Feeding Management: In T₂ and T₃, the ponds were fertilized weekly with compost, urea and TSP at 2.0 kg, 25 g and 15 g dec^-1 throughout the study period. Moreover, feed made of locally available ingredients at the rate 5-10% body weight of prawn and finfish were supplied daily in T₃. Feeding started from the second week of stocking. Half of the daily ration was supplied at dawn and rest half before dusk with the help of feeding trays. A total of 2 feeding trays were placed, one on the bottom and another at 1.5 feet depth of water of each pond. The feed were adjusted based on monthly sampling. The ponds were monitored regularly. Water quality management: On an average, water depth was maintained around 1.0 m throughout the study period and in case of necessity water was filled with deep tube-well. The physico-chemical conditions such as pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), alkalinity and transparency of ponds water were measured throughout the study period. Monthly sampling was conducted in between 09:00 -12:00 hrs. Physical and chemical analysis was performed on the spot. Temperature and DO was measured by an YSI digital DO meter (Model 58), water pH was determined by a digital pH meter (Model-HANNA-HI-9142), total alkalinity was determined by titrimetric method. Growth and survival of prawn and finfish: In order to study growth and survival rate, data were collected monthly. Prawns and fish were collected from each pond on a random basis using a cast net of 10 square meters effective area with 10 mm mesh size. The prawn and fish weight was taken in gram using a portable electronic balance. Survival rate, Total Population , Specific growth rate (SGR) were calculated using standard formula. Harvesting of prawn and fish:Final harvesting was made on 14 December, 2008. Prior to harvesting some water was released from the ponds. After draining out of water to a certain level, prawn and fish were partially harvested by a seine net and finally all prawn and fish was harvested through draining out of pond water compltely. Statistical analysis: For the statistical analysis of the data, a one-way ANOVA and DMRT were done using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) version-12.0. Significance was assigned at the 0.05% level. Duncan's test was used to tests the results of multiple ranges for comparisons of averages.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 3 (2): 53-56, 2010; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Feeding habit of cultured species supports the fact that, there was no or very little competition for food among prawn and finfish in this management system. Besides, local feed made by available ingredients were supplemented daily for prawn and organic and inorganic fertilizers were also applied at regular interval for growing natural food. The production of freshwater prawn in the present study ranged from 141-430 kg ha^-1 during 167 days of culture period with a stocking density of 2 m^-2 in a polyculture system with finfish.

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