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Breeding Performance, Spawning and Nursing of Black Carp (mylopharyngodon Piceus)

Md. Eilious Hosain
WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia, House 22B, Road 7, Block F, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.

Md. Nazmul Alam
WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia, House 22B, Road 7, Block F, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.

Mohammed Zakir Hossain
WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia, House 22B, Road 7, Block F, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Successful induced breeding of black carp was performed by using Pituitary Gland (PG) extract and synthetic hormone Flash^TM. For PG, the female received two doses at the rate of 2 mg/Kg and 8 mg/Kg body weight respectively; where male received only single dose at the amount of 2 mg/Kg body weight. For Flash, the male and female was received only one dose at the amount of 0.3 ml/Kg body weight for male and 0.25 ml/Kg body weight for female respectively. The ovulation period wa s 12 hours for PG and 11 hours for Flash after lost injection. In total 6.1 Kg of hatchling was obtained from 23 kg of female black carp under the two treatments. While, the ratio of hatchling and female fish body weight was 1 : 4.28 for PG and 1 : 3.34 for Flash. The study also indicates that the spawn production of black carp and nursery operation ware profitable. In the spawn production, the profit rate was 872.76% ware observed and the cost benefit ratio recorded as 1: 8.72. In cases of profit from spawn production and nursery operation combined of black carp, the return was 247.95%. While, cost benefit ratio was 1 : 2.47. F or income generation through hatchery and nursery operation for sustainable aquaculture extensive study is needed in this regards.

Keywords: Black carp, Breeding, Spawn, Nursery operation, Cost-benefit analysis

Location: Dipanchal Agro fisheries Hatchery at Bhola Sadar in Bhola district of Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-09-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

The study aimed to be assessment of breeding performance and calculate hatchery economy and nursery operation on captive condition.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in Dipanchal Agro fisheries Hatchery (22? 46.833´ N and 90? 38.909´ E) at Bhola Sadar in Bhola district of Bangladesh. The hatchery was 12 km away from Bhola Sadar and situated on the bank of Meghna River. The study was performed between November 2013 and September 2014. The hatchery complex has two parts - one is the hatchery proper (20 decimal) where breeding activities were performed and another was the culture unit (9 acre) where brood rearing, nursing and culture were done. The hatchery proper possessed of one overhead tank, fourteen hatching jars, six circular tanks as well as four delivery tanks. River water also collected and then kept in a pond and used it for breeding and hatchery purposes. There were eleven ponds of which seven are brood fish pond of carps and catfish namely Pangus. Total 50 yearlings of black carp were collected from fry market at Chachra of Jessore in 2007 then stocked in (1 yearling/5 decimals appox.) a hectare size pond. The brood were ready after six years of rearing . In the month of November 2013, the embankments and the pond bottom were cleaned and repaired manually. Quicklime was applied in the pond at the rate of 1.0 kg/decimal as initial dose before seven days of fertilization. Pond was fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate (TSP) and master oil cake at the rate of 150 g/decimal, 100 g/decimal 1 Kg/decimal respectively. After seven days of fertilization brood fishes were released in the ponds at the density of 10 Kg fish per decimal. Water depth of brood fish pond maintained from one to 1.5 meters. Partially water exchange was done regular basis using plastic pipe to keep the fish disease free and early maturation. To control unwanted fishes like tank goby, glassy fish and small prawn etc. Magic card at the rate of 30 g/decimal for 5 feet depth (the product of MEGA agrovet industries Bangladesh). For breeding male and female black carp were harvested in the early morning and kept at tanks separately 6-7 hours for conditioning. During condition period no feed was provided to keep their stomach free from foods. Before injection the broods were kept on wet foam to minimize the stress and the eyes were covered with cloth to free from movement. The single pair of black carp brood was injected with PG extract at the pectoral fin bases at 45° angle. After 6 hours of first dose females received a second dose. Males received a single dose during the second dose of female. Another one pair of black carp brood was injected with synthetic hormone namely Flash at the pectoral fin bases at 45° angle. In this case male and female received only one dose. After ovulation eggs were collected from the female in a bowl by stripping i.e., by giving gentle pressure on the abdomen of female. Then milt was collected from the male by applying the same procedure. The eggs and milts were mixed by using a feather for fertilization. The fertilized eggs were transferred to the hatching jar. The nursery pond of black carp was 50 decimal of size and rectangular of shape. The dike and the bottom of the pond were cleaned and repaired manually. Quicklime was applied in the pond at the rate of 1.0 kg/decimal as initial dose before seven days of fertilization. The pond was fertilized with urea, triple super phosphate (TSP) and master oil cake at the rate of 150 g/decimal, 100 g/decimal and 1 Kg/decimal respectively. To control harmful aquatic insects and undesirable zooplanktons and minute insects applied Delitics (Deltamethrin 1.75%; products of Fish Tech BD. Ltd.) at the rate of 0.70 ml/decimal for 4 feet water depth and applied two times before stocking of spawn in the pond. Spawn stocking density was 50 g/decimal. Feeding was done at the rate of 4 kg/ 2.5 kg hatchling/ day for the first one week, 5 kg for the second weeks, 6 kg for the third week then 130 kg feed also used another 2 months rearing period. Selling of fry was started after 21 days nursing of fry. Data on pond lease value, embankments of bottom repairing cost, water exchange cost for brood pond, netting of pond, water expenses for hatching, Hormone, PG, medicine, marketing, miscellaneous and salary of technicians and labors cost were collected from register book and hatchery owner face to face interview. Data on different parameters of the study were measured, tabled and presented by using MS Word and MS Excel 2007.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 43(1): 73-83, 2015, ISSN: 0304 -9027 (Print), 2408-8455 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present study, it was observed that black carp responded to extract of PG and synthetic hormone Flash and successful breeding was occurred. Spawn production and nursery operation of black carp were profitable. The species (Black carp) attained an average weight of 1587 gm with few specimens attaining over 4200 g during 13 month of rearing period and the species provided with highly developed molariform teeth, which are used for crushing of snails. In the point of view of commercial aquaculture or confined fish poly culture system the species may introduce at low stocking density for grazing of molluscan fauna of the pond aquaculture system. Therefore, extensive research is needed by stocking black carp in fish pond poly culture system and in relation to snail control and conservation of molluscan fauna to minimize the concern of freshwater pond molluscan fauna in commercial aquaculture of Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal