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Effect of Monga on the Livelihoods of Landless Rural People

M.H. Kabirl
Field Facilitator
SDVC Project, CARE Bangladesh, Naogaon Team Office, Naogaon

M.Z. Rahmani
Professor
Dept. of Agricultural Extension Education, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymesningh

M.A. Kashem
Professor
Dept. of Agricultural Extension Education, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymesningh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The purpose of the study were to identify the causes of monga as perceived by the landless rural people, to determine the effect of monga on different capitals of livelihood of landless rural people and to relate the effect of monga with their selected characteristics. Data were collected from a randomly selected 100 farmers from Sakhahati, Montola, Boilmondiarkhata and Koroiborshel chars of Chilmari union, Chilmari upazila under Kurigam district through interview during March and April, 2007. Most of the respondents had medium effect of monga on their livelihood. No or low scope of work in the lean period and unusual increase in prices of rice were perceived as the major causes of monga by the landless rural people. The relationships between the characteristics of farmers and the effect of monga were tested by computing the co-efficient of correlation. Family income, food security status and credit availability were found negatively correlated with the effect of monga.

Keywords: Monga, Landless. Perception, Livelihood

Location: Sakhahati, Montola, Boilmondiarkhata, Koroiborshel chars of Chilmari union of Chilmari upazila under Kurigram district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Social status

Objectives:

a) To identify the causes of monga as perceived by the landless rural people

(b)To determine the effect of monga on different capitals of livelihood of landless rural people

(c)To relate the effect of monga and ten selected characteristics of the farmers

Methodology:

a) identify the causes of monga as perceived by the landless rural people, (b) determine the effect of monga on different capitals of livelihood of landless rural people, and (c) relate the effect of monga and ten selected characteristics of the farmers the study. This variable was calculated based on the consequences of monga that results in livelihood asset base i.e. human, financial, social, natural and physical capital. Effect of monga on each capital was ascertained by checking their extent of effect in five selected statements. Each statement was measured by a five point rating scale. The response were: 'highly increased', 'increased', 'remained same' , 'decreased' and 'highly decreased' and the weights were given as 5,4,3,2 and I respectively. Thus, the possible score for each capital could range from 5 to 25. The overall effect of monga on livelihood was simply calculated by summing up the scores of the aforesaid capitals. Therefore, the overall effect of monga could range from 25 to 125. In the attempt of having knowledge about rural peoples perception about causes of monga, an open ended question was asked. Data were collected from the sampled rural people by using structured interview schedule during March 26 to April 16, 2007.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Extension Education Volume 19, No. 1&2,2007:63-70; ISSN 1011-3916

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Seasonal unemployment, abrupt price fluctuation of rice, flood and river erosion were perceived to be vital causes of monga. Seasonal unemployment and abrupt price fluctuation of rice belong to the seasonality of vulnerability context. Prevalence of the shocks of flood and river erosion make the situation worst. All of these are likely to result in severe food insecurity in monga-prone areas. The study reveals that almost all the capitals of livelihood building blocks were affected by monga. The worst affected were human, physical and financial capital. And the overall effect of monga on livelihood was moderate. Yet, monga affects livelihood patterns of people in a bad way; it was evident that the shocks of monga were on repelling trend. People were found fighting back to rebuild their lives. They learned from the realities overtime and negotiated their way to emancipate and realize changes. Monga mitigation program launched by both GOs and NGOs within Govt. policy framework may contribute to mitigate the sufferings of monga and give the way for resilience of their livelihoods. The findings of the study show that family income, food security status and credit availability had negative significant relationships with the effect of monga on livelihood. This leads to the conclusion that improving family income, providing security of food at household level and microfinance can best help people to cope with monga.

Knowledge Management: