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Inheritance of Resistance to Phomopsis Blight and Fruit Rot in Brinjal

D. Sharmin
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. B. Meah
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. Moniruzzaman
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The F5 generations of IPM-31 cultivar of brinjal (Solanum Melongena L.) crosses were evaluated for their genotypic and phenotypic performances for disease resistance to Phomopsis blight and fruit rot and concerned yield characters. F5 plants (derived from crossing with IPM-31and commercial cultivars Dohazari G and Laffa S) were grown out of seeds collected from selfed F4’s. The 3 parents and F5 generation were inoculated with Phomopsis vexans under confined field condition. It was observed that the inoculated F5 plants remained free of infection from P. vexans and exhibited differential disease reaction. Percent disease index (PDI) of leaf ranged from 0.00 to 17.23% and fruit ranged from 0.00 to 26.58%. Among the parents, Dohazari G and Laffa S were found susceptible (S) and IPM-31 showed resistant (R) reaction against P. vexans. All F5 crosses showed resistant reaction. The genotypes were also studied to estimate the variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation coefficient among its yield contributing characters and heterosis over better parent. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all characters under study. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation were found in number of fruits per plant, number of secondary branches plant?¹ and number of primary branches plant^-1. In contrast, fruit length, fruit breadth, individual fruit weight and plant height had shown low genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation. Very high heritability estimates together with very low genetic advance were recorded for fruit breadth. The present study interprets highest genetic advance (51.21) for individual fruit weight and lowest (2.11) for fruit breadth. Both positive and negative heterosis was observed on different characters. The cross Laffa S x IPM-31 had the highest (26.33%) negative and significant heterosis over better parent for number of fruits per plant.

Keywords: Genotypic, Phenotypic, Resistance, Variability, Heritability, Genetic advance

Location: Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-01-2009

End Date: 00-03-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

1. To determine the inheritance of resistance to Phomopsis blight and fruit rot in the F₅ generation of IPM-31 cultivar of brinjal.

Methodology:

Genetic materials: Seeds of the parental and F5 populations of the intervarietal crosses of eggplant, viz. (1) Dohazari G x IPM-31 (2) Laffa S x IPM-31 were obtained from IPM Lab, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Inoculation of eggplant by Phomopsis vexans: Five plants per plot for each cultivar/entry, were inoculated at the flowering stage and again 5 plants at the fruiting stage. Seventy millilitre spore suspension (5 x 106 spore/ml) prepared with all the 44 isolate mixtures folloing the key of Islam(2005), was sprayed on each plant. Another 5 plants were kept uninoculated (control).The spraying was done at afternoon. Inoculated plants were kept moist and covered with transparent polythene sheet for 24 hours for ensuring better infection. Harvesting and processing: The mature fruits were harvested at the edible stage at an interval of seven days. A sharp knife was used to harvest the fruits to avoid damage of twigs. Depending upon the genotypes, harvesting of fruits was continued for a period of about one and half a month since the fruits attained plucking stage at different times. The harvesting was continued from mid January, 2009 to 1st week of March, 2009. Observation and data collection: Data were collected at an interval of 7 days up to 21 days after inoculation on Percent Leaf infection, Percent LAD (Leaf Area Diseased), Percent flower infection, Percent fruit infection, Percent FAD (Fruit Area Diseased) and Lesion size (mm) on fruits. Percent LAD (Leaf Area Diseased) and FAD (Fruit Area Diseased) were estimated by eye observations. A single leaf/fruit surface area was considered as 100%. Deducting the healthy area, the diseased area was estimated. Average of %LAD/FAD was then calculated dividing the total by the number of leaves/fruits investigated and finally graded into different groups. The lesion size was estimated in square centimeter using a measuring scale. Yield contributing characters: The yield contributing characters from the parents and F5 populations were studied and data were recorded from all the plants of each population on individual plant basis. The characters were plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, fruit length, fruit breadth, number of fruits per plant and Individual fruit weight. Data analysis: All the characters above were analyzed according to the method described by Steel and Torrie Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed to test the differences between the genotypes.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 3 (2): 135-140, 2010; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Donor parent IPM-31 and the plants of its F₅ generation showed resistant reaction to Phomopsis vexans. The F₅ plants also showed positive response to genetic characters in terms of agronomic and yield contributing properties. It may be concluded that the resistance trait in IPM-31 transferred to F₁ through cross with susceptible eggplant cultivars is continued to be inherited.

Knowledge Management: Journal