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Leaf Infestation and Yield Loss Caused by Thrips and Jassids in Groundnut

Gobinda Chandra biswas
Scientific officer
ORC, BARI, Gazipur

M.Y. Mian
SSO
VPD, BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Percent leaf infestation and yield loss assessment of three groundnut varieties due to thrips and jassids were studied at Joydebpur, Gazipur, during 1997 and 1998 crop years. Thrips and jassids infestation was observed from the seedling stage of 30 days after sowing (DAS) and continued up to maturity of the crop (140 DAS) in both the years. Highest leaf infestation caused by thrips in variety Acc-12, DA-1 and M-5 were 34.50%, 29.00% and 24.06%, respectively, and that due to jassids 14.22%, 11.27% and 7.40%, respectively, recorded at vegetative stage (40-85 DAS). Percent thrips and jassids infestation reduction over insecticide-treated control plots varied from 78-82. Yield loss due to thrips and jassids in varieties Acc-12, DA-1 and m-5 were 2.90%, 2.70% and 1.95%, respectively and the calculated Benefit Cost Ratio of the above varieties were 0.36, 0.29 and 0.21, respectively, suggesting little prospects of economic gain through insecticide use.

Keywords: Leaf infestation, Yield loss, Thrips, Jassids and Groundnut

Location: Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 10-10-1997

End Date: 30-06-1998

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Ground nut

Objectives:

To study the incidence, extent of infestation caused by thrips and jassids at different growth stages of groundnut and to estimate yield loss of groundnut due to thrips and jassids

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Oilseed Rescarch Centre (ORC) Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) , Joydebpur ,Gazipur ,during the radi seasons of 1996-97 and 1997-98. Three groundnut varicties namely, DA-1 (Mizechar badam), M-5 and Acc-12 (Ghingabadam) were used. Seeds were sown in four replicated plots measuring 3 m x 2.1 m both in treated (with insecticide Dimecron and used as control) and untreated plots following randomized complete block design .Treated plots received Dimecron 100 WSC @ 1 ml per litre of water, starting from 30 days after sowing at 15 days interval. The other set was exposed to natural infestation by thrips and jassides. Other insects of groundnut crop were negligible in the field . percent infested leaflet was recorded by counting the total leaflets from five randomly selected plants from the central two rows of a plot and counting the number of leaflets showing thrips injury symptoms. Percent damage of foliage by jassids was recorded from individual row by visual observation. Such observations were recorded from 30 days after sowing (seedling stage) and continued up to pod maturity stage (140 DAS) at 15 days interval both in protected and unprotected plots for both thrips and jassids . The yield data were recorded both in protected and unprotected plots. The percent yield loss was calculated by the formula (Khosla 1977) given below:

% yield loss = X₁-X₂/ X₂ X 100, where,

X₁= Average yield of protected plots,

X₂= Average yield of unprotected plots,

Source of Information: Journal of Asiatic society Bangladesh, Science 26(2):253-258, December, 2000

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 11000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 11000/-

Achievement/Findings:

Thrips and jassids infestation was observed from the seedling stage of 30 days after sowing (DAS) and continued up to maturity of the crop(140 DAS) in both 1997and 1998 crop years. The highest leaf infestation caused by thrips in variety Acc-12, DA-1 and M-5 were 34.50%, 29.00% and 24.06%, respectively, recorded at vegetative stage (40-85 DAS) of the crop and the lowest infestation was 3.05, 2.50 and 1.005, respectively at the seedling stage. Percent average leaf infestation at the reproductive stage (65-140 DAS) were 25.51, 21.60 and 15.91, respectively. Similarly the highest leaf infestation caused by jassids in variety Acc-12, DA-1 and M-5 were 14.22,11.27 and 7.40%, respectively, recorded at vegetative stage (40-85 DAS) of the crop and the lowest infestation was 1.08,0.80 and 0.55 %. respectively at the seedling stage. Percent average leaf infestation at the reproductive stage (65-140 DAS) were 9.29, 7.16 and 4.75%, respectively. Significant difference in leaf infestations due to thrips and jassids was observed among the three stages of crop and three groundnut varieties. In both 1997 and 1998 crop seasons. Comparatively low leaf infestations due to thrips and jassids were observed in 1998 than in 1997. Yield loss due to thrips and jassids in varieties Acc-12,DA-1 and m-5 were 2.90%, 2.70% and 1.95%, respectively and the calculated Benefit Cost Ratio of the above varieties were 0.36, 0.29 and 0.21, respectively. Since the BCR was low, no economic yield loss in groundnut occurred due to infestation of jassid and trips in those two years under study. In this situation insecticides spray is not economically desirable.

Knowledge Management: Journal