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Incidence of Til Hawk Moth Acherontla Styx (westwood) in Sesame,their Extent of Damage and Economic Management

Gobinda Chandra biswas
Scientific officer
ORC, BARI, Gazipur

G.P.Das.
SSO
TCRC,BARI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Abstract :Incidence, damage estimation and management of til hawk moth Acherontia stys (Westwood) were studied in the field and laboratory of the Oilseed Research Centre, BARI,Gazipur ,during March to July in 1999 and 2000. The pest appeared in the sesame crop in the 3^rd week of April at the flower initiation stage (40-54 DAS) and remained up to 2^nd week of June at the pod maturity stage (90-95 DAS).The peak populations of A. styx (0.50-0.55 larvae per plant) and their severe infestation were recorded in the 3^rd week of May, at the pod filling stage (60-70DAS) of the crop. The per cent yield losses caused by A,styx of sesame in the treatments namely, 1 , 2, 3 and 4 time sprays were 24.00,30.00, 34.50 and 36.58, respectively. One time spray of Diazinon 60 EC@2 mi/litre of water applied at the pod formation stage (50 DAS) give the highest benefit cost ratio (3.94)

Keywords: Til hawk moth, Population density, Extent of damage, Sesame

Location: Gazipur

Start Date: 00-03-1999

End Date: 00-07-2000

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sesame

Objectives:

To know the incidence, population density per plant, extent of damage and management of til hawk moth in sesame

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the field and laboratory of the Oilseed Research Centre, BARI, Joydebpur , Gazipur, during March to July,1999 and 2000.The sesame variety T6 was used in this experiment. The seeds of sesame were sown on 10^th March of each year of 1999 and 2000 in 5 plots measuring 4 m x 2 m each following a completely randomized block design. The plants were spaced 30 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants in a row. A recommended agronomic practice was adopted to raise the crop properly (Mondal and Wahhad 2001).The observations on the population of the larvae of A. styx were recorded on 100 randomly pre determined plants from an unsprayed sesame field. The records regarding the pest population and the damages were made by visual observations on the standing crop during 07.00-10.00Am and 4.00-6.00 PM at weekly intervals. The relative populations of the pest per plant were counted as suggested by Pradhan(1964).The five treatment regimes (frequencies of sprays) with insecticides and control used were :T₁- one time spray at the flowering and pod formation stage (50 DAS), T₂-two time sprays (45 and DAS),T₃three time sprays (45,55 and 65 DAS), T₄ –four time sprays(40,50,60 and 70 DAS) and T₅ untreated control. The treatment used was a Diazinon 60 EC @ 2ml/litre of water . It was applied in plots at the vegetative , flowering, pod formation and pod prematurity stages of the crop with the help of a Knapsack sprayer (Asha) at 10 days intervals. Only tap water was sprayed in untreated plots. The population densities plants in the treated and the untreated plots. The per cent plant infestation was calculated by counting the infested and healthy plants from 10 randomly selected plants at 75 DAS in different replicated plots. The per cent pod infestations was calculated by counting the infested and the healthy pods from randomly collected 100 pods in treated and untreated plots at 80 DAS . The per cent population or infestation over untreated control was calculated.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Zoology :33(2)173-179, 2004

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 12000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 12000/-

Achievement/Findings:

The pest appeared in the sesame crop in the 3^rd week of April at the flower initiation stage (40-54 DAS) and remained up to 2^nd week of June at the pod maturity stage (90-95 DAS).The peak populations of A. styx (0.50-0.55 larvae per plant) and their severe infestation ( 38.57% plant infestation) were recorded in the 3^rd week of May, at the pod filling stage (60-70DAS) of the crop. The highest seed yield (0.99 t/ha) was obtained from four times sprayed plots followed by 3 times sprayed plot (0.88 t/ha). The percent infestation reduction ( 85%) was recorded from 4 times sprayed plots. One time sprayed plot reduced about 50% plant infestation caused by hawk moth.The per cent yield losses caused by A,styx of sesame in the treatments namely, 1 , 2, 3 and 4 time sprays were 24.00,30.00, 34.50 and 36.58 respectively. One time spray of Diazinon 60 EC@2 ml/litre of water applied at the pod formation stage (50 DAS) give the highest benefit cost ratio (3.94). The findings could be helpful to reduce the insect infestation avoiding misuse the insecticides and thus assuring the maximum yield of sesame in an eco-friendly manner.

Knowledge Management: Journal