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An Investigation on the Nutritional Composition of Mushroom ( Pleurotus Florida ) Cultivated on Different Substrates

Md. Asaduzzaman Khan
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mousumi Tania
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

S.M. Ruhul Amin
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Nadia Alam
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Md. Nazim Uddin
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seven agricultural wastes (saw dust, coir, suga rcane baggase, sugarcane leaves, cotton waste, banana leaves and rice straw) were used as substrates or nutrient source for the production of mushroom ( Pleurotus florida ) to investigate the nutritional composition of mushroom. In some cases significant variation was found in nutritional parameters among the mushrooms grown in different substrates. The amount of protein found in mushroom cultivated in banana leaves was significantly higher (at P≤ 0.05) than in any other substrate. Also lipid, fiber, carbohydrate and ash content differ although in less extent. In most of the cases nutritional composition of mushroom corresponds to the nutritional composition of substrates, however there is some exception. This happens because nutritional requirements of mushroom are fulfilled by the substrates. Also mushroom has the capability to convert complex carbohydrates of substrates to edible proteins which is found in their fruiting bodies. For this the protein-carbohydrate ratio in mushroom is much higher than their nutrient source or substrates.

Keywords: Mushroom, Substrates, Protein, Carbohydrate, Fiber, Lipid and Ash.

Location: National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-07-2008

End Date: 00-10-2008

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Mushroom

Objectives:

To find out the relationship between the mushroom and their nutrient source and to investigate the suitable substrate for the production of better quality mushrooms.

Methodology:

This study was carried out in the ‘Quality Control and Quality Assurance’ laboratory of National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka from July to October 2008. Seven substrates were used for the production of fruiting bodies of Pleurotus florida such as, saw dust (SD), sugarcane leaves (SL), sugarcane baggage (SB), coir, rice straw, cotton waste (CW) and banana leaves (BL). Seven different substrates were cut into small pieces (3-4 cm). 0.2% CaCO₃ was added with chopped substrate and mixed thoroughly. Water was added to make the moisture level of the mixture 65%. Polypropylene bags of 7'' X 10'' size were filled with 500g of substrate and their mouths were plugged by inserting water absorbing cotton with the help of plastic neck. The bags were autoclaved at 121 ºC and 1kg/cm² pressure for 1 hour. After autoclaving and cooling, the bags were inoculated with the mother culture of Pleurotus florida at the rate of 1-2 teaspoonfuls per packet. Then the inoculated packets were kept at 25 ºC. After completion of mycelium running, spawn packets were opened by square shaped (2 x 2 cm) cut and transferred to the culture house. Fruiting bodies of mushroom were harvested after certain days. Five gram of each sample was taken with 50ml of 1N NaOH and boiled for 30 minutes. The solution was cooled in room temperature and centrifuged at 1000g by a table centrifuge machine (DIGISYSTEM: DSC-200T; Taiwan). The supernatant was collected and total protein content was measured according to the Biuret method. Five gram of each sample was suspended in 50ml of chloroform: methanol (2:1 v/v) mixture then mixed thoroughly and let stand for 3 days. The solution was filtrated and centrifuged at 1000g by a table centrifuge machine. The upper layer of methanol was removed by Pasteur pipette and chloroform was evaporated by heating. The remaining was the crude lipid. One gram of the sample was weighed accurately into a crucible. The crucible was placed on a clay pipe triangle and heated first over a low flame till all the material was completely charred, followed by heating in a muffle furnace for about 6 hours at 600 ºC. It was then cooled in a dessicator and weighed.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Mushroom. 2(2): 17-23, 2008 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study reveals that nutritional composition of mushroom ( Pleurotus florida) depends on the composition of substrates (nutrient source of mushroom) and so differs significantly when grown in different substrates.

Knowledge Management: Journal