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Prevalence of Sheath Rot Disease of Rice

M. E. H. Sarker
Department of Plant Pathology Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Ali
Department of Plant Pathology Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. H. Chowdhury
Department of Plant Pathology Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

P. Dey
Department of Plant Pathology Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The prevalence of sheath rot of rice was studied in five locations of Bangladesh such as Mymensingh, Gazipur, Netrokona, Serpur and Jamalpur during Aman, Aus and Boro season. The incidence and severity of sheath rot was recorded. Sheath rot of rice is widespread in Bangladesh. Prevalence of Sarocladium oryzae varied with respect to cropping seasons and varieties. The highest tiller infection was 19.4% found in Aman season. The disease incidence and severity was higher in Mymensingh than that in Jamalpur. The highest percent tiller infection was 19.4% in BR-11 followed by 12.5% in BINA-5. The infection was lowest 2.3% in BR-14 and 2.1% in Brridhan 29. The percent relative lesion height (RLH) in BR-11, BR-14 and BINA-5 was the highest during 2007 and comparatively lower in 2006 and the lowest in 2005. Prevalence of Sarocladium oryzae was highest in BR-11 during Aman season in Mymensingh.

Keywords: Sheath rot, Rice, Aus, Aman, Boro, Tiller

Location: Mymensingh, Gazipur, Netrokona, Serpur and Jamalpur

Start Date: 00-00-2005

End Date: 00-00-2007

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To study sheath rot disease of rice

Methodology:

Disease incidence and severity: The survey was conducted during Aus, Aman and Boro season, where three fields of five different locations e.g. Mymensingh, Gazipur, Netrokona, Serpur and Jamalpur were selected. Each field was divided into ten equal strata (segments) from which one stratum were selected at random. Total number of tillers and number of sheath rot infected tillers were counted from 1m×1m area at the middle of each stratum at pre-ripening (dough) stage. Sheath rot incidence was recorded by the following 0-9 scale (IRRI, 1996). Twelve sheath rot infected tillers were collected from each stratum in a polythene bag and the seeds from the panicles were dried, taken in the brown paper bag with proper labeling and preserved in the laboratory for subsequent study. The infected sheaths were used for isolation of causal agent. Sheath area diseased (SAD) was assessed by the following 1-6 grade, where 1 = No severity, 2 = < 1 % SAD, 3 = 1-10 % SAD, 4 = 11- 20 % SAD, 5 = 21 – 30 % SAD, 6 = >31 % SAD. Isolation of causal agent: The sheaths were cut into 5 mm small pieces, each having diseased and healthy tissue. The pieces were surface sterilized by dipping in 5% Clorox solution for one minute. The specimens were rinsed three times with sterile water. Five pieces were placed in each PDA plate and were incubated for 7 days at 21±2⁰C under 12 h alternate cycles of NUV light and darkness.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. Technol. 13(1&2): 79–82 (2009), ISSN 1029-8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

. The highest SAD was found in BR-11 having 13.56%, 15.09% and 19.48% incidence respectively in 2005, 2006 and 2007. BINA-5 showed 7.88%, 9.60% and 10.92% SAD. SAD in BR-14 and BRRI Dhan29 were comparatively lower in all seasons. All rice varieties grown in different seasons were infected with sheath rot. The prevalence of the disease was similar in all locations but differed significantly with respect to season. BR-11 had highest infection of sheath rot. Sarocladium oryzae is widespread in distribution throughout Bangladesh warrants greater consciousness for the role of the pathogen. The percent relative lesion height (RLH) in BR-11, BR-14 and BINA-5 was the highest during 2007 and comparatively lower in 2006 and the lowest in 2005. Prevalence of Sarocladium oryzae was highest in BR-11 during Aman season in Mymensingh.

Knowledge Management: Journal