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Evaluation of Pangasius Pond Sediment Potentials in Vegetable Production as Rooftop Bag Gardening

Mrs. S. Monira
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202,

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experimental research was carried out to assess the potential of Pangasius pond sediment (PPS) on the performance of yield and yield quality attributes of vegetable crop (BARI’s tomato variety) grown in bag gardening system on rooftop under integrated aquaculture-horticulture approach. For this purpose, PPS chemical analysis, recording of plant morphological parameters and biochemical analysis of yield were performed. The plants were grown in 100% PPS =T₁; 50% PPS + 50% Virgin soil (VS) = T₂; and 60% VS + 40% Cowdung + 50g TSP + 50g MoP = T₃_.To compare with PPS treated treatments, treatment T₃ was considered as control because it is a standard and recommended fertilizing dose of BARI’s tomato production. The PPS sediments were collected from different aged ponds ranging from 1to 5 years Pangasius culture. The old PPS was used in bag gardening for the determination of soil physico-chemical, plant morpho-physiological and production parameters. All PPS in bags were belonged to silt loam in texture. The total nitrogen level was higher in T₁ where 100% PPS was used. The T₁had the plant height 77.98 cm, number of leaves per plant 184.33, leaf area 622.49 cm², which were significantly (p<0.05) higher than T₂ and T₃. In the case of phenological development, onset of early flowering and fruiting was noticed in T₁, which was almost 1.5 weeks earlier than T₂ and 2 weeks than T₃. The reproductive characters like flowers per plant (28.67), weight of fruit per plant (53.78g) and fruit yield per bag (1945.74g) and total biomass of plants after harvesting (119.47g) were also significantly (p< 0.05) higher in T₁followed by T₂ and T₃ (control). The numbers of branches per plant (29.54), number of clusters per plant (35.84) and fruits per cluster (5.10) were higher in T₁than T₂ and T₃. The vitamin C content of tomato (28.26 mg %) was also significantly (p< 0.05) higher in T₁ followed by T₂ (24.67 mg %) and T₃(21.28 mg %). The treatment T₁ showed the best performance followed by T₂ and T₃ (control). The perceived aquaculture waste of PPS had the high potential to grow vegetables with better production without any manure and chemical fertilizers. Therefore, PPS could reduce use of chemical fertilizers, especially urea which is environment friendly and less costly for vegetable production in bag gardening system.

Keywords: Pangasius pond sediment, Morpho-physiological parameter, Vitamin C

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-02-2011

End Date: 00-04-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To establish an integrated aquaculture-horticulture approach by utilizing the PPS effectively to produce tomato (horticultural vegetables) as RBG
To assess the efficiency of sediment nutrients on the growth and production performance of horticultural crop in bag gardening system.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out on the rooftop of the Dean Office Building, Faculty of Fisheries and in the laboratory of the Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the period from February, 2011 to April, 2012. PPS samples were collected from Pangasius pond of a farm named Ma Fisheries in Dhanikhola village of Trishal Upazila under Mymensingh district. After filling the bags with dried PPS the bag soil nutrients were analyzed. During sample collection, four sub-samples of PPS were collected from a single pond and ground after dried at room temperature and then mixed together to make a single composite sample. The pond soil was analyzed before transplanting the tomato seedling in bag as well as after transplanting. Physical parameters such as soil particle size distribution and textural classes were determined by hydrometer method as outlined by (Bouyoucos, 1927). Among the chemical parameters pH was measured by a glass electrode pH meter according to Jackson, (1986). The organic matter was obtained by multiplying the content of organic carbon by Van Bemmelen factor of 1.73 (Page, 1982). Total nitrogen content was determined by Semi- Micro-Kjeldahl method. The ammonia was collected in boric acid solution and was titrated with 0.01N sulphuric acid (Black, 1965). Available phosphorus was analyzed by 0.5M NaHCO₃ extraction and ascorbic acid reduction method (Matt, 1970). Exchangeable potassium was analyzed by ammonium acetate extraction method. The calcium chloride extraction method was used for the determination of available sulphur. The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used to conduct the experiment comprising three treatments, each containing three replications. The treatments were T₁= 100% PPS, T₂= 50% PPS + 50% Vergin soil (VS), and T₃= 60% VS + 40% Cowdung + 50g TSP + 50g MoP. Treatment T₃ was considered as control because the combination of soil, cowdung and other inorganic fertilizers has been recommended by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute’s (BARI) tomato culture technology (BARI, 1998). Two tomato seedlings were planted in one bag, which made a single replication. Before this, seeds of tomato (BARI-14) were sown in the nursery bed on 06 February 2011. Twenty five days old tomato seedlings were transplanted for rooftop bag gardening. The morpho-physiological parameters were collected at 15 days intervals from planting to harvesting. The data were collected on the vegetative, phenological and reproductive parameters. Plant height was measured by meter scale, number of branches and leaves per plant were counted accordingly, leaf area and total biomass were recorded. Days to first flowering, fruiting and maturity and days to end of fruit harvest were counted properly. Number of flower clusters per plant, flowers per cluster, flowers per plant, fruit clusters per plant, fruits per cluster, fruits per plant per week, fruits per plant were counted accordingly, fruit weight per plant and fruit yield were measured properly. Percent moisture and dry matter content were determined and estimation of vitamin C was done by dye methods. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out to test the variation between the treatments. The mean differences were evaluated by DMRT (Duncan’s Multiple Range Test) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984). Data were analyzed with the computer based statistical package SPSS.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 397–404, 2014, ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The NPK were high in Pangasius pond sediment. The total nitrogen content of the sediment was 0.30% which was almost similar to the compost manure (0.4-0.5%). The organic carbon content was also very high in PPS sediment. By considering all the characters, it is concluded that treatment T₁i. e., plants grown at 100% Pangasius pond sediment showed the best performance followed by T₂and T₃_.Besides, PPS performed the high potential on vegetables (tomato) production in bag gardening. It was interesting that negligible PPS had the potential to grow vegetables with better production without any manure and chemical fertilizers. Therefore, PPS can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers especially urea and this practice could be environment friendly and cost-effective.

Knowledge Management: Journal