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Fresh Groundwater Utilization for Crop Production in Coastal Saline Areas of Bangladesh-2007

Dr M A Rashid
CSO and Head
IWMD, BRRI

Dr M Maniruzzaman
PSO
IWMD, BRRI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

It was observed that the groundwater in this area remains suitable for rice irrigation during the whole year having water salinity below 4 dS/m which is the maximum permissible limit for irrigation. To improve dry season productivity BRRI dhan28 and 36 were grown during Boro season of 2007. BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan36 were grown in the experimental plots in two locations (Munshiganj and Abad Chandipur) in Satkhira district. It was found that BRRI dhan28 grows better than BRRI than36 during Boro season in that area. The yield of BRRI dhan28 was 6.0 t/ha in Munshingonj area and 4.8 t/ha in Abad Chandipur area. The yield of BRRI dhan36 was slightly less than that of BRRI dhan28, which was 5.0 t/ha and 4.0 t/ha in the above two locations, respectively. The electrical conductivity (EC) of the surface (pond water) and groundwater was measured during the whole growing period. It was found that the pond water is less saline than groundwater and is very suitable for irrigation at the early stage of crop. Because the young rice plants can easily tolerate the less saline pond water which is very important during seedling establishment period. Therefore, it is recommended to apply one or two irrigation with less saline pond water during the seedling establishment period. After seedling establishment the groundwater can be used for the rest period of the season. The EC of the groundwater ranged from 2.02 dS/m to 3.75 dS/m and that for pond water ranges from 0.67 dS/m to 2.03 dS/m. In the study area, a good number of farmers picked up the techniques of using less saline ground water for cultivating rice in Boro season and they received good yield. Most of the farmers used BRRI dhan28. Some of them also used kazal lata (a local variety of rice) and BRRI dhan47. On an average, the farmers got 5.89 t/ha ranging from 4.5 t/ha to 6.5 t/ha. In total 33 farmers were surveyed and their total cropped area was 47.16 acres (19 ha). These results are clearly indicative of high benefit of the farmers from growing rice in Boro season.

Keywords: Coastal saline area, Fresh groundwater

Location: Munshigonj area of Shyamnagar upazila under Satkhira district

Start Date: 30-12-2006

End Date: 30-06-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water management

Objectives:

To evaluate the suitability of the less saline groundwater for crop production; and
To increase crop production by increasing irrigated area with fresh water in saline zone.

Methodology:

Investigations were made to explore possibility of finding suitable irrigation water for increasing productivity of the land resources. For this purpose, water samples were collected from different sources (pond water, river water and groundwater) for salinity analysis. It was observed that the pond water was less saline but its availability is very limited. River water was found to be highly saline and not suitable for irrigation. Therefore, groundwater samples were collected and tested for salinity level. It was observed that the groundwater in this area remains suitable for rice irrigation during the whole year having water salinity below 4 dS/m which is the maximum permissible limit for irrigation. To improve dry season productivity BRRI dhan28 and 36 were grown during Boro season of 2007.

Source of Information: BRRI Annual Review 2007

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan36 were grown in the experimental plots in two locations (Munshiganj and Abad Chandipur) in Satkhira district. It was found that BRRI dhan28 grows better than BRRI than36 during Boro season in that area. The yield of BRRI dhan28 was 6.0 t/ha in Munshingonj area and 4.8 t/ha in Abad Chandipur area. The yield of BRRI dhan36 was slightly less than that of BRRI dhan28, which was 5.0 t/ha and 4.0 t/ha in the above two locations, respectively. The electrical conductivity (EC) of the surface (pond water) and groundwater was measured during the whole growing period. It was found that the pond water is less saline than groundwater and is very suitable for irrigation at the early stage of crop. Because the young rice plants can easily tolerate the less saline pond water which is very important during seedling establishment period. Therefore, it is recommended to apply one or two irrigation with less saline pond water during the seedling establishment period. After seedling establishment the groundwater can be used for the rest period of the season. The EC of the groundwater ranged from 2.02 dS/m to 3.75 dS/m and that for pond water ranges from 0.67 dS/m to 2.03 dS/m. The depth of groundwater table varied from 1.18 m to 2.54 m during the growing season.In the study area, a good number of farmers picked up the techniques of using less saline ground water for cultivating rice in Boro season and they received good yield.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings