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Genetic Diversity of Some Chili (capsicum Annuum L.) Genotypes

M.J. Hasan
Principal Scientific Officer
Hybrid Rice Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.U. Kulsum
Scientific Officer
Hybrid Rice Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M.Z. Ullah
Field Coordinator (Vegetable)
AVRDC, Bangladesh

M. Manzur Hossain
Assistant Information Officer (Crop Production)
Agriculture Information Services, Khamarbari, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215

M. Eleyash Mahmud
PhD fellow BSMRAU and Plant Breeder
Energypac Agro Ltd. Monipur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study on genetic diversity was conducted with 54 Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes through Mohalanobis’s D₂ and principal component analysis for twelve quantitative characters viz. plant height, number of secondary branch/plant, canopy breadth , days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, fruits/plant, 5 fruits weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, seeds/fruit, 1000 seed weight and yield/plant were taken into consideration. Cluster analysis was used for grouping of 54 chili genotypes and the genotypes were fallen into seven clusters. Cluster II had maximum (13) and cluster III had the minimum number (1) of genotypes. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and III and the lowest between cluster II and VII. The characters yield/plant, canopy breadth, secondary branches/plant, plant height and seeds/fruit contributed most for divergence in the studied genotypes. Considering group distance, mean performance and variability the inter genotypic crosses between cluster I and cluster III, cluster III and cluster VI, cluster II and cluster III and cluster III and cluster VII may be suggested to use for future hybridization program.

Keywords: Chilli, Cluster and Genetic diversity

Location: Monipur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chilli

Objectives:

To assess the genetic diversity in 54 genotypes of chili and to identify suitable donors for a successful breeding program

Methodology:

The experimental farm is located at Monipur, about 20 km away from Gazipur chowrasta having 24.00° N latitude and 90.25° E longitude with an elevation of 8.4 meter from the sea level. A total 54 genotypes of chili (Capsicum annuum L.), collected from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), local and exotic sources were included in this study. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with three replications having plot size of 4.0 sq m providing a spacing of 60 × 40 cm in 1 m wide bed. Manures and fertilizers were applied as per recommended dose. Seeds were sown on November, 2011 in separate plots. The seedling emerged 9-12 days after sowing. Thirty five days old seedlings were transplanted in the experimental plot. Weeding was done as and when necessary to keep the crop free from weeds. Irrigation was given to the plants when necessary. Data on plant height (cm), number of secondary branch/plant, canopy breadth (cm), days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, fruits/plant, 5 fruits weight (g), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), seeds/fruit, 1000 seed weight (g) and yield/plant (g) were recorded on individual plant basis from the 10 plants selected at random per plot. Mean data of each character was subjected to multivariate analysis viz. Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Cluster Analysis and Canonical Variate Analysis using GENSTAT5.

Source of Information: ISSN: 2224-0616 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (1): 32-35 , June, 2014 Available online at http://www.ijarit.webs.com

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Genotypically distant parents are able to give high heterosis. Therefore, considering group distance, mean performance and variability the inter genotypic crosses between cluster I and cluster III, cluster III and cluster VI, cluster II and cluster III and cluster III and cluster VII may be suggested to use for future hybridization program. Superior genotype BSMRAU Sel-7 fallen in cluster III had shown best results on canopy breadth, secondary branches/plant, fruit weight, fruit length, seeds/fruit and yield/plant. Hence, these characters should be given prime importance for further improvement in yield in further breeding program

Knowledge Management: Journal