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Performance of Summer Vegetables in Charland Based Agroforestry System

Z. Alam
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.A. Wadud
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

G.M.M. Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out in Char Kalibari of Old Brahmaputra River under Sadar Upazila, Mymensingh during the period from March, 2012 to September, 2012. This study was examined the performance of different summer vegetables in association with different trees for ‘Char’ based farming system. Summer vegetables were planted in association with different trees following two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 (four) replications. Factor A comprised of eleven different tree species and these were Akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis), Mahagony (Swietenia macrophylla), Lambu (Swietenia hybrida), Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), Mango (Mangifera indica), Lemon (Citrus spp.), Jujube (Zizypus spp.), Papaya (Carica papaya), Guava (Psidium guajava), Hijal (Barringtonia acutangula) and Karanja (Pongamia pinnata); while Factor B included four summer vegetables viz. Kangkong (Ipomoea reptans), Indian spinach (Basella alba), Amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) and Okra (Abelmoschus esculenta). Yield and yield attributes of all tested summer vegetables was better in open field condition. Fresh yield of Kangkong, Indian spinach, Amaranth and Okra in open field condition was 50.2, 62.5, 18.0 and 32.5 tha^-1, respectively. Among the tree association, highest yield was along with Mahogoni, Lambu, Mango and Guava where 6-12% yield reduced compare to without tree combination. Second highest yield obtained from Akashmoni, Lemon and Jujube mixed combination with summer vegetables where 15-28% fresh yield decreased compare to control condition. Third highest yield recorded in combination with Eucalyptus and Papaya where 30-38% yield reduced compare to without tree combination. In case of Kangkong and Indian spinach least fresh yield was obtained in association with Hijal and Karanja where 40-45% yield reduced compare to control condition. Growth of studied trees was measured before and after the summer season for height and girth measurement. It was found that growth of all trees almost similar in association different vegetables. In control condition i.e. without vegetables tree growth was bit higher compare to mixed combination with vegetables. Among the different tree species yield produced from only papaya. Papaya yield was highest (33.5 tha^-1) in control condition i.e. without vegetable mixed combination. Statistically similar yield obtained from Papaya in mixed vegetables combination with all vegetables and average yield was 30.25 tha^-1, which is near 10% less compare to control condition.

Keywords: Summer vegetables, Agroforestry, Trees, Sapling, Charland

Location: Char Kalibari of Old Brahmaputra River under Sadar Upazila, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2012

End Date: 00-09-2012

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Tree, Vegetables

Objectives:

1. To observe the performance of summer vegetables in association with different tree species in the Char Kalibari in the bank of Old Brahmaputra River.

Methodology:

Experimental site: The experiment was carried out in Char Kalibari of Old Brahmaputra River under the Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from March, 2012 to September, 2012. Planting material: Total eleven different tree species (5 timber, 4 fruit and 2 soil conserving species) and four different summer vegetable species were used as planting materials in this study. Experimental design, layout and tree sapling transplantation: Summer vegetables were planted in association with different trees following two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 4 (four) replications. Factor A: eleven different tree species and Factor B: four different summer vegetable species. Tree species were planted maintaining a strip method with 12' × 12' spacing during April, 2011 in the study site. Total 528 saplings of 11 different species were transplanted of which 48 saplings for each species. Necessary silvicultural management activities like watering, cleaning, weeding, fertilizing, branch cutting, bamboo stick setting were done in time for proper growth and development of all tree saplings. Summer vegetable cultivation: Summer vegetables i.e. Kangkong, Indian spinach, Amaranth and Okra were sown after land preparation in a broadcast method. Seeds of Kangkong, Indian spinach, Amaranth and Okra were sown during 10th April, 2012. After germination all necessary cultural operations like thinning, gap filling, weeding, fertilizing, irrigation, pest control etc. were done properly. Individual plot size for all vegetable was same and it was 12' × 24'. Growth measurement of tree species: Growth of all planted tree sapling were recorded as height and girth during before and after summer season i.e. first time in the month of March, 2012 and second time in the month of September, 2012. Girth was measured using the formula: G = 2?r, where, r = radius. Difference between the recorded data during before and after the summer season treated as increment during summer season for both height and girth. Girth of all trees was measured 8 inch above from the ground level. Sampling and Data collection: Data were collected from randomly selected individual plants of all four summer vegetables. Plant height or length (cm), number of branches per plant, stem girth (cm), leaves per plant, fruit size (for Okra) were recorded. For yield measurement, data were recorded from individual plots and it was converted as tha^-1. Dry yield was measured after complete drying the samples in the oven at 70? C from representative samples and it was converted as tha^-1. Statistical analysis: The recorded data were compiled and analysed by RCBD design to find out the statistical significance of the experimental results. The means for all recorded data were calculated and the analyses of variance for all the characters were performed. The mean differences were evaluated by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and also by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 6 (1): 1-8, 2012; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Yield of all studied summer vegetables was higher in open field condition and in the tree-vegetable association, vegetables yield reduce in different rate along with different trees. Along with Mahogoni, Lambu, Mango and Guava summer vegetables produced highest yield which is 6-12% lower compare to open field condition, along with Akashmoni, Lemon and Jujube produced 15-28% lower, along with Eucalyptus and Papaya produced 30-38% lower and along with Hijal and Karanja produced 40-45% lower yield compare to open field condition. Papaya yield also reduced (≤10%) along with summer vegetables. Generally, in agroforestry system components yield reduce due to resource competition.

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