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Effect of Green Biomass Application of Different Trees on the Yield of Rice

M.S.A. Arifin
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

B.N. Tanzi
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.A. Habib
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.A. Mondol
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.A. Wadud
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Soil organic matter status in Bangladesh is very low. To restore the organic matter, it is needed to explore the best organic amendment for better crop production. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in the Agroforestry Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from July to December 2011 to find out the response of different leaf biomass application on yield contributing characters and yield of rice cv. BR11(Mukta). Eight experimental treatments such as T₁= Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala) leaf biomass, T₂= Bakphul (Sesbania grandiflora) leaf biomass, T₃= Minjiri (Cassia siamea) leaf biomass, T₄= Ipil-ipil leaf biomass + ½ RFD (recommended fertilizer dose), T₅= Bakphul leaf biomass + ½ RFD, T₆= Minjiri leaf biomass + ½ RFD, T₇= RFD, and T₈= Control were imposed in this study. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Soil fertility status was determined before and after the study. Growth, yield and yield contributing characters were recorded as well. Soil fertility status in different treatments changed after rice cultivation. Soil pH did not change after rice cultivation but organic matter (%) was improved where green leaf biomass was incorporated to the soil and Nitrogen (%), phosphorus (ppm), potassium (me/100g soil), sulphur (ppm), zinc (ppm) were decreased where RFD applied. Results showed that the treatment T₄, T₇ gave the highest grain yield where Treatment T8 (control) gave the lowest yield. Most of the yield contributing characters also significantly influenced or increased to the treatment T₄ (Ipil-ipil + ½ RFD) and T₇ (RFD) and in the control all the parameters mentioned above were significantly decreased. Among the green leaf biomass treatment, ipil-ipil and bokphul gave better results. Therefore, this study suggests that the combined application of tree litter of ipil-ipil and recommended fertilizer dose may produce good rice yield.

Keywords: Tree green leaf biomass, Leucaena leucocephala, Cassia siamea, Sesbania grandiflora, Rice.

Location: Agroforestry Field Laboratory, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-12-2011

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To study use of tree leaf biomass as green manure may be an alternative for green manuring crops for maintaining the fertility status of soil.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Field Laboratory, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July December, 2011. The experimental soil belongs to AEZ- Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (No. 9). Rice cv BR11 (Mukta), a modern rice cultivar, was used as the test crop in this experiment. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The total numbers of plots were 24 with a unit plot size was 3.7 m x 2.2 m. In this study three tree leaf biomass viz. Ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala), Minjiri (Cassia siamea), Bakphul (Sesbania grandiflora) were used. These leaf biomasses were chopped by hand and mixed uniformly with soil during final land preparation and then left to decompose for 30 days. Leaf biomasses were collected from the Ipil-ipil, Minjiri, Bakphul tress of Bangladesh Agricultural University Campus,Mymensingh. For this experiment, eight treatments were used. These are: T₁- Bokful, T₂=Minjiri, T₃= Ipil ipil, T₄= Bokful + ½ RFD, T₅= Minjiri + ½ RFD, T₆= Ipil ipil + ½ RFD, T₇= RFD, T₈= Control. The main land was first opened with spade. Thereafter, the land was ploughed and cross-ploughed as many as four times followed by laddering at suitable intervals. Before and after rice cultivation soil sampling was done. Soil was collected from each plot and it was analyzed. Details of soil analysis of the soil collected before rice cultivation. The whole amount of various tree leaf biomasses such Ipil-ipil, Minjiri, Bakphul leaves were incorporated in experimental plots before final land preparation. Recommended dose of all fertilizers were Urea 180 kg ha^-1, TSP 90 kg ha^-1, Gypsum 60 kg ha^-1 and MOP 40 kg ha^-1. Urea was top dressed in three equal splits i.e.15, 30 and 55 days after planting (DAP). Thirty five (35) day old seedlings of cv. BR11 were collected from the Agronomy Field Laboratory of BAU. The seedlings were transplanted on 18 July 2011 with a hill to hill and line to line distance of 15 cm x 20cm with 3 seedlings per hill. Weeds were controlled by uprooting and removing from the field. Crop was grown under rain fed condition. Prior to each top dressing of urea fertilizers, plots were weeding manually. When rice was harvested, again soil sampling was done and analyzed. Soil sampling was done to know the soil fertility status. The recorded data were compiled and analysed by RCBD design to find out the statistical significance of the experimental results. The means for all recorded data were calculated and the analyses of variance for all the characters were performed. The mean differences were evaluated by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and also by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 6 (1): 27-31, 2012; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Soil fertility status is improved in the treatment where only green leaf biomass was applied. The treatment containing green leaf biomass and recommended fertilizer dose slightly deteriorate the soil fertility status because of residual effect of fertilizer. All the yield and yield contributing characters such as plant height, panicle length, no. of tillers hill^-1, no. Yield of rice in different treatments of leaves hill^-1, leaf size, no. of panicles hill^-1, no. of non-effective tillers hill^-1, no. spikelets panicle^-1, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield was found best results in the treatment where green leaf biomass and recommended fertilizer dose were applied over control treatment.

Knowledge Management: Journal