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Effect of Media and Environmental Factors on Mycelial Growth of Boletus Edulis, Morchella Esculenta and Pleurotus Geesternaus

Saleh Ahmed
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Sobhanbag, Savar, Dhaka-1340, Bangladesh.

Tasnima Mahjabin
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Sobhanbag, Savar, Dhaka-1340, Bangladesh.

Abdus Salam Khan
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Sobhanbag, Savar, Dhaka-1340, Bangladesh.

Mahbuba Moonmoon
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Sobhanbag, Savar, Dhaka-1340, Bangladesh.

Nirod Chandra Sarker
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Sobhanbag, Savar, Dhaka-1340, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Boletus edulis , Morchella esculenta and Pleurotus geesternaus were cultured on different media under different environmental conditions such as temperature, pH, and light as well as different carbon sources to determine the optimum culture conditions for mycelium growth. Maximum mycelial growth (0.38cm/day) of Boletus edulis was observed on Malt Extract Agar medium and the lowest (0.16 cm/day) on Yeast Agar medium. In case of Morchella esculenta and Pleurotus geesternaus, Ptato Dextrose Agar medium showed the best performance. Minimum days required for completion of mycelium growth was 9.25 days in Boletus edulis, 6.75 days in Morchella esculenta and 9.25 days in Pleurotus geesternaus. The highest mycelium growth (0.45 cm/day) of Boletus edulis was found in pH 7.0 and the lowest (0.39 cm/day) was observed in pH 4.5. No significant difference was observed in Morchella esculenta when cultured on different pH levels. In case of Pleurotus geesternaus the highest mycelium growth (0.40 cm/day) was recorded in pH 7.5 whereas the poorest growth was at pH 4.5. Among the carbon sources, significant variation was not found for mycelium growth of Boletus edulis whereas maltose was highly significant for Morchella esculenta. Sucrose was best for mycelium growth of Pleurotus geesternaus. With respect to temperature, 30? proved to be most suitable for mycelium growth of Boletus edulis and Pleurotus geesternaus and 20? for Morchella esculenta whereas 10? was not suitable for the mushrooms. In case of light, the highest mycelium growth of Boletus edulis and Pleurotus geesternaus were observed in 0 lux, while 200-300 lux was most suitable for Morchella esculenta.

Keywords: Media, Mycelial growth, Light, Temperature, Carbon source, pH

Location: Tissue culture laboratory, National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre (NAMDEC)

Start Date: 00-01-2009

End Date: 00-05-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mushroom

Objectives:

To determine the suitable medium and environmental factors for the production of good mycelia within short period of time in laboratory conditions.

Methodology:

This experiment was conducted in the tissue culture laboratory of National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre (NAMDEC) during the period of January to May-2009. Different mushroom species such as Pleurotus geesternaus, Morcella esculenta, Boletus edulis and different synthetic media such as Potato Dextrose Agar, Yeast Extract Agar, Malt Extract Agar, Wheat Extract Agar and Potato Dextrose Yeast Agar were used in this study. The inocula were collected from the germplasm centre of NAMDEC. In order to screen the optimum pH value for mycelial growth, Boletus edulis was cultured on Malt Extract Agar, Morchella esculent and Pleurotus geesternaus on Potato Dextrose Agar. The media were adjusted to different pH values at 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5 and 9.0 with the addition of 1N HCl or 1N NaOH before pouring into Petri plates and autoclaving. The Petri plates were inoculated with the inocula of above three mushrooms. Then the plates were transferred into incubation room for mycelium running. Average mycelial growth and duration of completion of mycelium running of each replication were calculated. To evaluate the suitable light for mycelial growth of Boletus edulis on Malt Extract Agar and Morchella esculenta and Pleurotus geesternaus on Potato Dextrose Agar, the inoculated plates were placed at four different light conditions such as dark, (0 lux) 40-60 lux, 100-200 lux, 200-300 lux. The inoculated plates of Boletus edulis on Malt Extract Agar and Morchella esculenta and Pleurotus geesternaus on Potato Dextrose Agar were placed at five different temperature values such as 10?, 15?, 20?, 25?and 30? with the pH value of each medium being 6.5. Selected carbon sources were glucose, fructose, maltose, lactoseand sucrose. Eighteen grams of each of the carbon sources was incorporated into the basal medium and distilled water was added to make 1 liter. The experiment was laid out following completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Data on mycelium growth rate and days to complete mycelium running were recorded. Data were analyzed following MSTST-C computer programme. Means were computed following Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) using the same computer programme.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Mushroom.3(1):47-52, 2009(June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this experiment no significant difference was observed in Morchella esculenta when cultured on different pH levels. In case of Pleurotus geesternaus the highest mycelium growth (0.40 cm/day) was recorded in pH 7.5 whereas the poorest growth was at pH 4.5. Among the carbon sources, significant variation was not found for mycelium growth of Boletus edulis whereas maltose was highly significant for Morchella esculenta. Sucrose was best for mycelium growth of Pleurotus geesternaus. With respect to temperature, 30? proved to be most suitable for mycelium growth of Boletus edulis and Pleurotus geesternaus and 20? for Morchella esculenta whereas 10? was not suitable for the mushrooms. In case of light, the highest mycelium growth of Boletus edulis and Pleurotus geesternaus were observed in 0 lux, while 200-300 lux was most suitable for Morchella esculenta.

Knowledge Management: Journal