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Histopathological Studies of Climbing Perch (anabus Testudenius) Experimentally Infected with Aeromonas Hydrophilla Bacteria

Md. Istiaque Haidar
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur-3602, Bangladesh

Shanur Jahedul Hasan
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Riverine Station, Chandpur-3602, Bangladesh

B. M. Shahinur Rahman
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Shrimp Research Station, Bagerhat-9300, Bangladesh

Sharmeen Islam
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Md. Robiul Islam
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202 Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted to assess the histopathology of climbing perch (Anabus testudenius) experimentally infected with aeromonas hydrophilla bacteria. Anabas testudineus (koi) of 18g body weight were experimentally infected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Tissue samples from infected skin, muscle, gill, liver, spleen and kidney, in case of small fish whole diseased fingerlings will be preserved in 10% buffered formalin solution. Normal hepatocytes with no pathological infestation. Liver synocytes are of normal appearances. No bacterial colonies were observed. Liver of A. testudineus experimentally infected with A. hydrophila by OI method showing the haemorrhages (H) in the hepatic ducts. H & E × 40. Cross section of normal hematopoietic tissue with no abnormal condition of the renal tubules. Blood vessels were normal in appearance. Gill of normal A. testudineus where lamellae are unaffected. Both primary gill lamellae and secondary gill lamellae are arranged normal fashion.The pathological signs by experimental infections cioncided with those by natural infections. So, the bacteria A. hydrophila was suggested to be a pathogen of koi cultured in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Histopathology, Experimental, Aeromonas, Anabus testudenius.

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-12-2011

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Koi/Climbing

Objectives:

To relate the abundance of A. hydrophila bacteria with the health hazard of climbing pearch Anabas testudineus
To know the histopathological changes in kidney, liver and gill of native koi through experimental infection by A. hydrophila
To compare the histology of apparently healthy native koi with the experimentally infected ones.

Methodology:

Apparently healthy indigenous climbing pearch Anabas testudineus (koi) were used as the experimental fish whose average body weight was 18 g. The fish were collected from different fish markets of Mymensingh for a period of 6 months from July 2011 to December 2011 and stocked in the experimental cisterns of the Department of Aquaculture, with a food supply of 1% of the body weight daily. Prior to experiment, all the fish were acclimatized for 15 days providing adequate feed and better aeration by circulating water in 12 rectangular glass aquaria at wet laboratory. After acclimatization, the fish were used for experimental infection with A. hydrophila bacteria. A total number of 20 fish of average body weight of 18 g were used from the stock culture of the cemented cistern for the experimental infections. All the injected fish were released into separate aquarium and observed for 15 days. Continuous aeration was maintained and no feed was given to the experimental fish. Temperature was recorded daily. The fish were observed every day. Infection was recorded by observation of lesion, clinical appearance and mortality. Moribund fish were attended, observed and waited for their death. Immediately after death, they were transferred to the laboratory and were subjected to histopathological study from liver, intestine and kidney. Tissue samples from infected skin, muscle, gill, liver, spleen and kidney, in case of small fish whole diseased fingerlings will be preserved in 10% buffered formalin solution. Then samples were processed in an automatic tissue processor for dehydration, clearing and infiltration. The samples were then embedded in wax and finally sectioned at thickness of 5µm. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Then the slides were examined under a compound microscope for histopathological diagnosis.

Source of Information: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ISSN: 2309-7892, Volume: 3, Issue: 3, Page: 143-148, May-June 2015 Retrieve from http://www.ijbssr.com/currentissueview/14013097

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Twenty native koi fish of 18 g body weight were experimentally infected with the bacteria A. hydrophila by three different methods: viz. intraperitoneal, intramuscular injection and oral incubation. Clinical signs included injury, hemorrhage and large ulcerative lesions on the body at the injected area. In kidney, massive atrophy and focal necrosis were found. Atrophy of hematopoitic tissue due to massive necrosis resulted in vacuolation, hemorrhage and total disappearances of Bowman's capsule. In liver, marked focal necrosis in the hepatic tissue was observed characterized by hepatic cell death, hemorrhage, vacuolation and accumulation of great number of bacterial cell in the region. In gill, both hyperplasia and hypertrophy are observed in primary gill lamellae. Most secondary gill lamellae are missing. Rear/terminal/distal portion of the primary gill lamellae are completely missing with hypertrophy of the basal portion. But the above symptoms were not found in the organs of the apparently healthy koi species. The study provided very useful information regarding the clinical signs of diseased indigenous koi fish by artificial infection method, relation between disease outbreaks and bacterial doses and histopathological changes of the fish after a challenge test by one dose higher than the LD₅₀dose. It was concluded that A. hydrophila bacteria cause similar pathological changes in indigenous koi in their natural and experimental infection condition. It is recommended that the indigenous koi fish culturists should adopt sufficient preventive measure so that their culture environment may be excluded with at least such ubiquitous opportunistic pathogen like A. hydrophila.

Knowledge Management: Journal