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Effect of Broadcast Urea (bu), Urea Deep Placement (udp) and Npk Briquette on Floodwater Nh4+-n Dynamics in T. Aman Season Under Alternate Wetting and Drying (awd) and Continuous Standing Water (csw) Conditions

S M Mofijul Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Soil Science BRRI, Gazipur

Pranesh Kumar Saha
Soil Science BRRI, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two field experiments were set up in T. Aman 2013 at BRRI farm, Gazipur to study the effects of broadcast urea (BU), urea deep placement (UDP) and NPK briquette on floodwater NH₄⁺-N dynamics, biomass, grain yield and total N uptake by rice under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous standing water (CSW) conditions. Treatments were as T₁-N₀_, T₂-UDP-N₅₂_, T₃-UDP-N₇₈_,T₄-Urea-N₁₀₄_,T₅-UDP-N₁₀₄_, T₆-NPK briq-N₅₁_, T₇-Urea-N₇₈_,and T₈- NPK briq-N₇₈_.Increased of NH₄⁺-N concentration in water was observed with urea treated plot on day 2 after PU application and then decreased gradually up to 5 day and then remain static in both AWD and CSW conditions. On the other hand, NH₄⁺-N concentration in flood water of UDP and NPK briquette placement plots were very close to N control treatment (about 2 ppm). Urea-N incorporation in rice field produced higher flood water NH₄⁺-N. Total N uptake was the highest with UDP-N104 in both AWD and CSW conditions. Total N content was also the highest in UDP-N104 in both MT and heading stages at both conditions than Urea-N104. Grain yield did not show statistically significant difference among N rates irrespective of its sources and methods of application under both conditions.

Keywords: UDP, NPK briquette, PU, Urea

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To study the effects of broadcast urea (BU), urea deep placement (UDP) and NPK briquette on floodwater NH₄⁺-N dynamics, biomass, grain yield and total NPK uptake by rice under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous standing water (CSW) conditions.

Methodology:

Two field experiments were set up in T. Aman 2013 at BRRI farm, Gazipur. In each condition (CSW and AWD) of the experiments 8 treatments were used. In T. Aman season treatments were as T₁-N_0, T₂-UDP-N₅₂_, T₃-UDP-N₇₈_,T₄-Urea-N₁₀₄_,T₅-UDP-N₁₀₄_, T₆-NPK briq-N₅₁_, T₇-Urea-N₇₈_,and T₈- NPK briq-N₇₈_.In the T₆, NPK briq; made with 45 kg Urea + 27 kg DAP + 28 kg MoP and T₈ made with 40 kg Urea + 30 kg DAP + 30 kg MoP. The experiment utilized RCB with 3 replications. Unit plot size was 4.8-m × 3.2- m. All of the P and K were applied at transplanting. All treatments except T₆ and T₈received 16 kg P and 42 kg K/ha. PU was applied in two splits on 07 September and 07 October 2013. UDP and NPK briquette were applied on 07 September 2013. After PU application, it was incorporated with soils. The UDP and NPK briquettes were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at alternate rows. In AWD experiment, PVC pipe was placed at 15 DAT. The length of PVC pipe was 25 cm being perforated leaving 10 cm upper portion, perforated 15 cm portion was placed into soil and removed inside soil. Irrigation water was provided when water level went down 15 cm below surface followed by its measurement. Water samples from all plots were collected for NH₄⁺-N determination in acid washed plastic bottles in the morning starting from N sources application for 7 days. First water sampling was done before and immediately after application of UDP, NPK briquettes and PU. At maturity, crops were harvested. Grain and straw yield were recorded analyzed for total NPK content and total NPK uptake.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Internal Review, 2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. United States Agency for International Development	Budget:
2.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Increased of NH₄⁺-N concentration in water was observed with urea treated plot on day 2 after PU application and then decreased gradually up to 5 day and then remain static in both AWD and CSW conditions. The highest water NH₄⁺-N concentration was found with greater N rate irrespective of AWD and CSW conditions in both first and second sampling. On the other hand, NH₄⁺-N concentration in flood water of UDP and NPK briquette placement plots were very close to N control treatment (about 2 ppm). It indicates that urea-N incorporation in rice field produced higher flood water NH₄⁺-N indicating that there will be higher N loses. Total N uptake was the highest with UDP-N104 in both AWD and CSW conditions. Total N content was also the highest in UDP-N104 in both MT and heading stages at both conditions than Urea-N104. Grain yield did not show statistically significant difference among N rates irrespective of its sources and methods of application under both conditions. UDP-N52 produced statistically similar yield with higher rates of UDP, NPK briquette and PU under AWD and CSW conditions.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings