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Effect of Broadcast Urea (bu), Urea Deep Placement (udp) and Npk Briquette on Floodwater Nh4+-n Dynamics in Boro Season Under Alternate Wetting and Drying (awd) and Continuous Standing Water (csw) Conditions

S M Mofijul Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur

Pranesh Kumar Saha
Chief Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two field experiments were set up in Boro 2013 at BRRI farm, Gazipur to study the effects of broadcast urea (BU), urea deep placement (UDP) and NPK briquette on floodwater NH₄⁺-N dynamics, biomass, grain yield and total N uptake by rice under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous standing water (CSW) conditions. Treatments were, T₁-N₀_,T₂-UDP-N₇₈_,T₃-UDP-N₁₀₄_,T₄-Urea-N₁₅₆_,T₅-UDP-N₁₅₆_,T₆-NPK briq-N₈₁_,T₇-Urea-N₁₀₄_,T₈-NPK briq-N_103.The highest water NH₄⁺-N concentration was found with higher rate of PU-N irrespective of AWD and CSW conditions. On the other hand, NH₄⁺-N concentration in flood water of UDP and NPK briquette placement plots were close to N control plot. Under AWD condition, at MT stage the highest amount of dry matter yield (1.10 t/ha) was obtained with UDP-N₁₅₆, which was statistically identical to urea-N₁₅₆, UDP-N₁₀₄ and UDP-N₇₈. Under CSW condition, higher dry matter yield was obtained with UDP-N₁₅₆ in both growing stages which was statistically similar to UDP-N₇₈. Grain yield did not vary significantly among urea-N₁₅₆ UDP-N₇₈ UDP-N₁₀₄ and UDP-N₁₅₆ under both conditions. However, significantly higher N content and total N uptake was found in UDP-N₁₀₄_, UDP-N₁₅₆ and urea-N₁₅₆treatments under both AWD and CSW conditions.

Keywords: PU, NPK briquette, UDP, NH4

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To study the effects of broadcast urea (BU), urea deep placement (UDP) and NPK briquette on floodwater NH₄⁺-N dynamics, biomass, grain yield and total NPK uptake by rice under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous standing water (CSW) conditions

Methodology:

Two field experiments were set up in Boro 2013-14 at BRRI farm, Gazipur. In each condition (CSW and AWD) of the experiments 8 treatments were used in each season. In the Boro season treatment were T₁-N₀_,T₂-UDP-N₇₈_,T₃-UDP-N₁₀₄_,T₄-Urea-N₁₅₆_,T₅-UDP-N₁₅₆_,T₆-NPK briq-N₈₁_,T₇-Urea-N₁₀₄_,T₈-NPK briq-N₁₀₃_.In the T₆, NPK briq; made with 45 kg Urea + 27 kg DAP + 28 kg MoP and T₈ made with 40 kg Urea + 30 kg DAP + 30 kg MoP. The experiment utilized RCB with 3 replications. Unit plot size was 4.8-m × 3.2- m. Rice seedlings were transplanted at 20- x 20-cm spacing on 11 January 2014. Seedlings ages were 45 days. Rice variety used was BRRI dhan28. All P and K were applied at transplanting. All treatments except T₆ and T₈received 25 kg P and 85 kg K/ha. PU was applied in three splits on 28 January, 18 February and 10 March 2014. UDP and NPK briquette were applied on 28 January 2014. After PU application, it was incorporated into soils. The UDP and NPK briquettes were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at alternate rows. In AWD experiment, PVC pipe was placed at 15 DAT. The length of PVC pipe was 25 cm being perforated leaving 10 cm upper portion, perforated 15 cm portion was placed into soil and removed inside soil. Irrigation water was provided when water level went down 15 cm below surface followed by its measurement. Water samples from all plots were collected for NH₄⁺-N determination in acid washed plastic bottles in the morning starting from N sources application for 7 days. First water sampling was done before and immediately after application of UDP, NPK briquettes and PU. Two additional harvests were followed in each treatment at maximum tillering stage and heading stage for determination of total biomass and vegetative N content. At maturity, crops were harvested for 132 hills (12×11 hills) on 24 April 2014. Grain and straw yield were recorded analyzed for total NPK content and total NPK uptake.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Internal Review, 2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. United States Agency for International Development	Budget:
2.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Increased NH₄⁺-N concentration in flood water was observed with urea treated plot on day 2 after PU application and then decreased gradually with in both AWD and CSW conditions during first, 2^nd, and 3^rd sampling in the morning. The highest water NH₄⁺-N concentration was found with higher rate of PU-N irrespective of AWD and CSW conditions in first, 2^nd and 3^rd sampling period. On the other hand, NH₄⁺-N concentration in flood water of UDP and NPK briquette placement plots were close to N control plot. Like morning, more or less similar pattern was observed in noon and after noon flood water NH₄⁺-N concentration in both conditions. Under AWD condition, at MT stage the highest amount of dry matter yield (1.10 t/ha) was obtained with UDP-N₁₅₆, which was statistically identical to urea-N₁₅₆, UDP-N₁₀₄ and UDP-N₇₈. Under CSW condition, higher dry matter yield was obtained with UDP-N₁₅₆ in both growing stages which was statistically similar to UDP-N₇₈. Grain yield did not vary significantly among urea-N₁₅₆ UDP-N₇₈ UDP-N₁₀₄ and UDP-N₁₅₆ under both conditions. However, UDP-N₇₈ and UDP-N₁₀₄ produced statistically similar yield with urea-N₁₅₆ and UDP-N₁₅₆ under both conditions. However, significantly higher N content and total N uptake was found in UDP-N₁₀₄_, UDP-N₁₅₆ and urea-N₁₅₆treatments under both AWD and CSW conditions.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings