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Effect of Broadcast Urea (bu), Urea Deep Placement (udp) and Npk Briquette on Floodwater Nh4+-n Dynamics in Aus Season Under Alternate Wetting and Drying (awd) and Continuous Standing Water (csw) Conditions

S M Mofijul Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI Gazipur

Pranesh Kumar Saha
Chief Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two field experiments were conducted in Aus 2014 at BRRI farm, Gazipur to study the effects of broadcast urea (BU), urea deep placement (UDP) and NPK briquette on floodwater NH₄⁺-N dynamics, biomass, grain yield and total N uptake by BRRI dhan48 under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous standing water (CSW) conditions. Treatments were, T₁-N₀_, T₂-UDP-N₅₂_,T₃-UDP-N₇₈_,T₄-Urea-N₁₀₄_,T₅-UDP-N₁₀₄_,T₆-NPK briq-N₅₁_,T₇-Urea-N₇₈_,T₈- NPK briq-N₇₈_.The highest amount of floodwater NH₄⁺-N was found with higher rates of PU-N irrespective of AWD and CSW conditions. The amount of NH₄⁺-N in flood water of UDP and NPK briquette placement plots were close to N control plot. Under AWD condition, the highest amount of dry matter yield (3.40 t/ha) was obtained with the treatment UDP-N₅₂ at MT which was statistically similar to UDP-N₇₈, UDP-N₁₀₄, NPK briq-N₅₁ and NPK briq-N₇₈. Under CSW condition, the highest amount of dry matter yield at MT stage was found in UDP-N₁₀₄, which was statistically similar to UDP-N₅₂, UDP-N₇₈ and NPK briq-N₇₈_. Grain yield did not vary significantly among treatments. However, UDP-N₅₂ produced statistically similar yield with broadcast application of urea @ 104 kg N ha^-1in both AWD and CSW conditions. Application of PU increased NH₄ concentration in floodwater.

Keywords: PU, NPK briquette, UDP, NH4, Aus

Location: BRRI farm, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

To study the effects of broadcast urea (BU), urea deep placement (UDP) and NPK briquette on floodwater NH₄⁺-N dynamics, biomass, grain yield and total NPK uptake by rice under alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous standing water (CSW) conditions

Methodology:

Two field experiments were set up in Aus 2014 at BRRI farm, Gazipur. In each condition (CSW and AWD) of the experiments 8 treatments were used in each season. Treatment were T₁-N₀_, T₂-UDP-N₅₂_,T₃-UDP-N₇₈_,T₄-Urea-N₁₀₄_,T₅-UDP-N₁₀₄_,T₆-NPK briq-N₅₁_,T₇-Urea-N₇₈_,T₈- NPK briq-N₇₈_.In the T₆, NPK briq; made with 45 kg Urea + 27 kg DAP + 28 kg MoP and T₈ made with 40 kg Urea + 30 kg DAP + 30 kg MoP. The experiment utilized RCB with 3 replications. Unit plot size was 4.8-m × 3.2- m. Rice seedlings were transplanted at 20- x 20-cm spacing on 13 May 2014. Seedlings age was 27 days. All P and K were applied at transplanting. All of the treatments except T₆ and T₈received 16 kg P and 42 kg K/ha. two PU was applied in two splits (on 21 May and 16 June 2014). UDP and NPK briquette were applied on 21 May 2014. After PU application, it was incorporated with soils. The UDP and NPK briquettes were placed at 8-10 cm depth between four hills at alternate rows. In AWD experiment, PVC pipe was placed at 15 DAT. The length of PVC pipe was 25 cm being perforated leaving 10 cm upper portion, perforated 15 cm portion was placed into soil and removed inside soil. Irrigation water was provided when water level went down 15 cm below surface followed by its measurement. Water samples from all plots were collected for NH₄⁺-N determination in acid washed plastic bottles in the morning starting from N sources application for 7 days. First water sampling was done before and immediately after application of UDP, NPK briquettes and PU. Two additional harvests were followed in each treatment at maximum tillering stage and heading stage for determination of total biomass and vegetative N content. At maturity, crops were harvested for 132 hills (12×11 hills) on 31 July 2014. Grain and straw yield were recorded analyzed for total NPK content and total NPK uptake.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the BRRI Annual Internal Review, 2013-14

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. United States Agency for International Development	Budget:
2.	Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest amount of flood water NH₄⁺-N was found with higher rates of PU-N irrespective of AWD and CSW conditions in first, and second sampling period. On the other hand, the amount of NH₄⁺-N in flood water of UDP and NPK briquette placement plots were close to N control plot (2 ppm). Under AWD condition, the highest amount of dry matter yield (3.40 t/ha) was obtained with the treatment UDP-N₅₂ at MT which was statistically similar to UDP-N₇₈, UDP-N₁₀₄, NPK briq-N₅₁ and NPK briq-N₇₈. Under CSW condition, the highest amount of dry matter yield at MT stage was found in UDP-N₁₀₄, which was statistically similar to UDP-N₅₂, UDP-N₇₈ and NPK briq-N₇₈_. In AWD condition, the highest dry matter yield at heading stage was observed in NPK briq-N₇₈ that was statistically similar to UDP-N₇₈, Urea-N₁₀₄ and UDP-N₁₀₄treatments. More or less similar trend was also observed in CSW condition. Grain yield did not vary significantly among treatments. However, UDP-N₅₂ produced statistically similar yield with broadcast application of urea @ 104 kg N ha^-1in both AWD and CSW conditions.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings