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Genetic Variability, Correlated Response and Path Analysis of Yield and Yield Contributing Traits of Spring Wheat

D.A.N. Majumder
Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

A.K.M. Shamsuddin
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh

M.A. Kabir
Department of Horticulture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Sc.& Tech. Univ., Dinajpure

L. Hassan
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University,Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twenty spring wheat varieties were studied to find out genetic variability and genetic association for grain yield and its component characters. Both genotypic and phenotypic variances were highly significant in all the traits with little higher phenotypic variations as usual. Similarly, the low differences between the phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations indicated low environmental influences on the expression of these characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance were obtained with plant height, grains per spike, 100-grain weight, harvest index and grain yield. Genotypic correlation coefficients were higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficients in most of the traits. Spikes per plant, grains per spike, spike length, 100-grain weight and harvest index were the most important characters which possessed positive association with grain yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed that among the different yield contributing characters spike per plant, grains per spike, 100-grain weight and harvest index influenced grain yield per plant directly. The direct effects of these characters on grain yield were positive and considerably high. Moreover, harvest index, days to maturity and spikes per plant had positive and higher indirect effect on grain yield through grains per spike. Thus selection for yield in spring wheat through these characters would be effective.

Keywords: Variability, Selection indices, Wheat

Location: The experimental Farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh

Start Date: 22-11-2000

End Date: 27-03-2001

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

1. To estimate genetic variability, association among desired traits and their direct and indirect effects towards grain yield of wheat.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental Farm of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the rabi season of 2000-2001. The experiment consisted of 20 spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (varieties or lines). These materials were collected from the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BAU, Mymensingh. The seeds of twenty genotypes were sown on November 22, 2000 in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The plot size was 2m × 2m with the spacing of 25 cm between the rows and 5cm between plants in the same row. Fertilizers were applied @ 200:200:80:6000kg of urea, TSP, MP and cow dung per hectare respectively. Intercultural operations and pest control measures were done as and when necessary. Since different genotypes matured at different times, harvesting was completed by 16th to 27th March 2001. Harvesting was done by uprooting of plants and boarder rows/ plants were omitted for collection of samples. Observation was made from ten randomly selected plants and data were taken on plant height (PH), spikes per plant (SP), spike Length (SL), grains per spike (GS), 100-grain weight (GW), days to maturity (DM), harvest Index (HI) and grain yield per plant (g). Analysis of variance was performed by computer using MSTAT-C software. The test of significance was done by F-test. Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was also done using MSTAT-C. Genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were estimated; heritability in broad sense (h2 b), genetic advance (GA) and genetic advance as % of mean (GAPM) were calculated; correlation coefficients were estimated and path coefficient analysis was done.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 6(2): 227–234, 2008; ISSN 1810-3030

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The genetic parameters, correlation and path coefficient analysis of the present study revealed that grains per spike, 100- grain weight, spikes per plant and harvest index were the most important traits to be selected for the development of modern wheat variety. The characters also showed moderate to high heritability and genetic advance in percentage of mean. Thus, the results suggest that higher number of grains per spikes, bold size grains, more spikes per plant and higher harvest index are the important yield contributing traits and thus plant selection based on these traits will be most effective.

Knowledge Management: Journal