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Abundance and Distribution of Endoparasitic Helminths in Anabas Testudineus (bloch, 1792) from a Polluted Beel of Bangladesh

Aminul Islam Bhuiyan
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Jannatul Bushra
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Osman Ghani
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Abundance and distribution of the endoparasitic helminths in Anabas testudineus (collected from a polluted water body) was analyzed. Out of 50 fish observed, 42 (84%) were parasitized by at least one species. Five metazoan endoparasites, one trematode (Neopecoelina saharanpuriensis) and four nematodes (Ascaridida sp., Contracaecum sp., Camallanus anabantis and C. pearsei) were recorded. Prevalence was higher in female (90%) hosts than males (75%). A significant positive correlation was observed between the standard length of the host and the abundance for parasites except Ascaridida sp. Nematodes were the more prevalent group (72%) than trematodes (48%). No parasitic species was observed as central species category; three parasites ( N. saharanpuriensis, Ascaridida sp. and Contracaecum sp.) were considered as secondary and Camallanus spp. as satellite species. All nematode parasites showed aggregated distribution pattern and the trematode showed random distribution pattern. Interspecies association between two species of parasite was low.

Keywords: Endoparasitic helminths, Anabas testudineus, Abundance

Location: Taiwabpur Beel, Board Bazaar and Ashulia industrial area

Start Date: 01-04-2012

End Date: 30-10-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Koi/Climbing

Objectives:

To investigate the parasitic community of the host fish koi (Anabas testudineus) collected from a polluted Beel of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted to investigate the parasites of host fish Anabas testudineus collected from Taiwabpur Beel, Board Bazaar, Ashulia industrial area, a branch of Turag River (23?52?N - 90?24?E) during April-October, 2012. The water quality parameters of the sampling site were pH ranged of water was 6.14-8.79, hardness was high (300-1816 mg/l), turbidity level was 12.31-97.2 NTU, DO was quite low (0.76-7.1 mg/l), BOD was 0.7-4.65 mg/l and CO₂ was 0-15.5 mg/l. The average width and depth of the river were 400m and 10m respectively. Fifty koi fish (A . testudineus) were collected from local fishermen from its habitat as live and were immediately brought to the Parasitology Laboratory of the Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka for investigation. Sample size of each month was not equal since we could not collect same number of fish each month. However, month wise sample size was: April-9, May-12, June-12, July- 10, August-4 and September-3 fishes. The examination was aimed to determine endoparasitic helminth infection of A. testudineus. Length, weight, sex and organwise infections of fish by each parasite species were recorded. Standard methods were used for staining and mounting. Under the dissecting microscope two species of Camallanus (C. anabantis, C. pearsei ) looked similar. The morphological characteristics became apparent only when the parasites were studied under high magnification using a compound microscope. That is why these two species have been referred to as Camallanus spp. for calculation. One nematode, Ascaridida could not be identified to species level, therefore referred as Ascaridida sp. The methods used here was to describe general features of parasite infra-communities (prevalence, abundance, and intensity) and component community. Component community structure was described in two ways: traditional descriptors and community similarity. The classification was done according to the importance value of a parasite species for the community as- Central species = present in more than 66.6%; Secondary species = present 33.3%-66.6% and Satellite species = lower than 33.3% of the total number of fish analyzed. Two criteria namely Green’s dispersion index and index of dispersion were used to evaluate the dispersion pattern of parasite species. The density of community depends on the number of species and the evenness. So an attempt was made to quantify the evenness component of the parasite diversity in the community. Three indices as Heip evenness index (E_h), Hill evenness index (E_H) and Modified Hill’s ratio ( E' _H) were used to determine species evenness. Modified Hill’s ratio ( E'_H) is preferred over E_H as it has a clearly desirable property for an evenness index. For determining the probable variation of infection in relation to host sex with abundance of parasite species Mann-Whitney ‘U’ test was conducted.The analysis included only component parasite species i.e. whose prevalence was greater than 10%. Community structure of parasites has been determined as a function of host size and sexes. Statistical tests were conducted by using SPSS 16.0 software package. Statistical significance level adopted was p ≤ 0.05.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 42(1): 1-10, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this experiment prevalence was higher in female (90%) hosts than males (75%). A significant positive correlation was observed between the standard length of the host and the abundance for parasites except Ascaridida sp. Nematodes were the more prevalent group (72%) than trematodes (48%). No parasitic species was observed as central species category; three parasites (N. saharanpuriensis, Ascaridida sp. and Contracaecum sp.) were considered as secondary and Camallanus spp. as satellite species. All nematode parasites showed aggregated distribution pattern and the trematode showed random distribution pattern. Interspecies association between two species of parasite was low.

Knowledge Management: Journal